[SEDONA-503] Support Shapely 2.0

[Kontinuation]

Did you read the Contributor Guide?

• Yes, I have read Contributor Rules and Contributor Development Guide

Is this PR related to a JIRA ticket?

• Yes, the URL of the associated JIRA ticket is https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SEDONA-503. The PR name follows the format [SEDONA-XXX] my subject.

What changes were proposed in this PR?

PySpark binding's RDD API now works with Shapely 2.0. This patch mainly involves adapting Envelopes and Circle to Shapely 2.0, which enforces geometry objects to be immutable, and thus not friendly for inheriting.

I've gone through several threads for migrating classes inheriting shapely.geometry.BaseGeometry objects from Shapely 1.8 to Shapely 2.0 (shapely/shapely#1313 and shapely/shapely#1698 (comment)), and finally decided to inherit from BaseGeometry while removing all custom fields. This is because all custom fields of Envelope and Circle could be derived from the base geometry, so we can implement custom fields as properties to keep backward compatibility, while not breaking the class hierarchy. Users can still call BaseGeometry methods on Envelope and Circle objects when working with Shapely 2.0. There are some rounding errors when computing the centerGeometry and radius properties of Circle objects. To my understanding, this won't be a big problem.

How was this patch tested?

Updated GitHub workflow for Python to run with both Shapely 1.x and Shapely 2.x.

Did this PR include necessary documentation updates?

• No, this PR does not affect any public API so no need to change the docs.