feat: Update registry fallbacks (#7679)

Co-authored-by: DmitriyLewen <dmitriy.lewen@smartforce.io>

docs/docs/configuration/db.md

@@ -92,6 +92,19 @@ You can reference the OCI manifest of [trivy-db].
     `trivy-db-registry:latest` => `trivy-db-registry:latest`, but `trivy-db-registry` => `trivy-db-registry:2`.
 
 
+### Rate limits
+Trivy hosts its databases on public OCI registries that are subject to their respective rate limits. While we strive to make the databases available to every
+Trivy user, there are certain recommendations that one can make in order to ensure rate limits are not hit.
+
+#### Authenticated use of Registries
+By authenticating with the registries that Trivy hosts its DBs on can significantly increase the limit for users. For Amazon ECR, the details for rate limits can be found [ecr-limits].
+
+Please see more info on how to authenticate with ECR [auth-ecr].
+
+#### Caching DBs
+Trivy DB and Trivy Java DB are published every 6 hours and 24 hours, respectively. If you are running Trivy scans more often than this, you can significantly benefit from caching the DBs on each run and updating them as needed.
+Once example of this can be seen in Trivy Action, where with caching multiple CI invocations can be performed with a single download of the DBs. More on info Trivy Action caching can be found [trivy-action-cache].
+
 ## Java Index Database
 The same options are also available for the Java index DB, which is used for scanning Java applications.
 Skipping an update can be done by using the `--skip-java-db-update` option, while `--download-java-db-only` can be used to only download the Java index DB.
@@ -123,4 +136,7 @@ $ trivy clean --vuln-db --java-db
 ```
 
 [trivy-db]: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-db/pkgs/container/trivy-db
-[trivy-java-db]: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db/pkgs/container/trivy-java-db
+[trivy-java-db]: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db/pkgs/container/trivy-java-db
+[ecr-limits]: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonECR/latest/public/public-service-quotas.html
+[auth-ecr]: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/compute/authenticating-amazon-ecr-repositories-for-docker-cli-with-credential-helper/
+[trivy-action-cache]: https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy-action?tab=readme-ov-file#cache

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_filesystem.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ trivy filesystem [flags] PATH
       --config-data strings               specify paths from which data for the Rego checks will be recursively loaded
       --config-file-schemas strings       specify paths to JSON configuration file schemas to determine that a file matches some configuration and pass the schema to Rego checks for type checking
       --custom-headers strings            custom headers in client mode
-      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --dependency-tree                   [EXPERIMENTAL] show dependency origin tree of vulnerable packages
       --detection-priority string         specify the detection priority:
                                             - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ trivy filesystem [flags] PATH
       --include-deprecated-checks         include deprecated checks
       --include-dev-deps                  include development dependencies in the report (supported: npm, yarn)
       --include-non-failures              include successes, available with '--scanners misconfig'
-      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --license-confidence-level float    specify license classifier's confidence level (default 0.9)
       --license-full                      eagerly look for licenses in source code headers and license files
       --list-all-pkgs                     output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_image.md

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ trivy image [flags] IMAGE_NAME
       --config-data strings               specify paths from which data for the Rego checks will be recursively loaded
       --config-file-schemas strings       specify paths to JSON configuration file schemas to determine that a file matches some configuration and pass the schema to Rego checks for type checking
       --custom-headers strings            custom headers in client mode
-      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --dependency-tree                   [EXPERIMENTAL] show dependency origin tree of vulnerable packages
       --detection-priority string         specify the detection priority:
                                             - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ trivy image [flags] IMAGE_NAME
       --include-deprecated-checks         include deprecated checks
       --include-non-failures              include successes, available with '--scanners misconfig'
       --input string                      input file path instead of image name
-      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --license-confidence-level float    specify license classifier's confidence level (default 0.9)
       --license-full                      eagerly look for licenses in source code headers and license files
       --list-all-pkgs                     output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_kubernetes.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ trivy kubernetes [flags] [CONTEXT]
       --config-check strings              specify the paths to the Rego check files or to the directories containing them, applying config files
       --config-data strings               specify paths from which data for the Rego checks will be recursively loaded
       --config-file-schemas strings       specify paths to JSON configuration file schemas to determine that a file matches some configuration and pass the schema to Rego checks for type checking
-      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --dependency-tree                   [EXPERIMENTAL] show dependency origin tree of vulnerable packages
       --detection-priority string         specify the detection priority:
                                             - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ trivy kubernetes [flags] [CONTEXT]
       --include-kinds strings             indicate the kinds included in scanning (example: node)
       --include-namespaces strings        indicate the namespaces included in scanning (example: kube-system)
       --include-non-failures              include successes, available with '--scanners misconfig'
-      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --k8s-version string                specify k8s version to validate outdated api by it (example: 1.21.0)
       --kubeconfig string                 specify the kubeconfig file path to use
       --list-all-pkgs                     output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_repository.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ trivy repository [flags] (REPO_PATH | REPO_URL)
       --config-data strings               specify paths from which data for the Rego checks will be recursively loaded
       --config-file-schemas strings       specify paths to JSON configuration file schemas to determine that a file matches some configuration and pass the schema to Rego checks for type checking
       --custom-headers strings            custom headers in client mode
-      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --dependency-tree                   [EXPERIMENTAL] show dependency origin tree of vulnerable packages
       --detection-priority string         specify the detection priority:
                                             - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ trivy repository [flags] (REPO_PATH | REPO_URL)
       --include-deprecated-checks         include deprecated checks
       --include-dev-deps                  include development dependencies in the report (supported: npm, yarn)
       --include-non-failures              include successes, available with '--scanners misconfig'
-      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --license-confidence-level float    specify license classifier's confidence level (default 0.9)
       --license-full                      eagerly look for licenses in source code headers and license files
       --list-all-pkgs                     output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_rootfs.md

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ trivy rootfs [flags] ROOTDIR
       --config-data strings               specify paths from which data for the Rego checks will be recursively loaded
       --config-file-schemas strings       specify paths to JSON configuration file schemas to determine that a file matches some configuration and pass the schema to Rego checks for type checking
       --custom-headers strings            custom headers in client mode
-      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --dependency-tree                   [EXPERIMENTAL] show dependency origin tree of vulnerable packages
       --detection-priority string         specify the detection priority:
                                             - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ trivy rootfs [flags] ROOTDIR
       --ignorefile string                 specify .trivyignore file (default ".trivyignore")
       --include-deprecated-checks         include deprecated checks
       --include-non-failures              include successes, available with '--scanners misconfig'
-      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --license-confidence-level float    specify license classifier's confidence level (default 0.9)
       --license-full                      eagerly look for licenses in source code headers and license files
       --list-all-pkgs                     output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_sbom.md

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ trivy sbom [flags] SBOM_PATH
       --cache-ttl duration           cache TTL when using redis as cache backend
       --compliance string            compliance report to generate
       --custom-headers strings       custom headers in client mode
-      --db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --detection-priority string    specify the detection priority:
                                        - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
                                        - "comprehensive": Aims to detect more security findings at the cost of potential false positives.
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ trivy sbom [flags] SBOM_PATH
       --ignore-unfixed               display only fixed vulnerabilities
       --ignored-licenses strings     specify a list of license to ignore
       --ignorefile string            specify .trivyignore file (default ".trivyignore")
-      --java-db-repository strings   OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings   OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --list-all-pkgs                output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability
       --no-progress                  suppress progress bar
       --offline-scan                 do not issue API requests to identify dependencies

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_server.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ trivy server [flags]
 ```
       --cache-backend string     [EXPERIMENTAL] cache backend (e.g. redis://localhost:6379) (default "fs")
       --cache-ttl duration       cache TTL when using redis as cache backend
-      --db-repository strings    OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings    OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --download-db-only         download/update vulnerability database but don't run a scan
       --enable-modules strings   [EXPERIMENTAL] module names to enable
   -h, --help                     help for server

docs/docs/references/configuration/cli/trivy_vm.md

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ trivy vm [flags] VM_IMAGE
       --compliance string                 compliance report to generate
       --config-file-schemas strings       specify paths to JSON configuration file schemas to determine that a file matches some configuration and pass the schema to Rego checks for type checking
       --custom-headers strings            custom headers in client mode
-      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
+      --db-repository strings             OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2])
       --dependency-tree                   [EXPERIMENTAL] show dependency origin tree of vulnerable packages
       --detection-priority string         specify the detection priority:
                                             - "precise": Prioritizes precise by minimizing false positives.
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ trivy vm [flags] VM_IMAGE
       --ignore-unfixed                    display only fixed vulnerabilities
       --ignorefile string                 specify .trivyignore file (default ".trivyignore")
       --include-non-failures              include successes, available with '--scanners misconfig'
-      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
+      --java-db-repository strings        OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority (default [mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1,ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1])
       --list-all-pkgs                     output all packages in the JSON report regardless of vulnerability
       --misconfig-scanners strings        comma-separated list of misconfig scanners to use for misconfiguration scanning (default [azure-arm,cloudformation,dockerfile,helm,kubernetes,terraform,terraformplan-json,terraformplan-snapshot])
       --module-dir string                 specify directory to the wasm modules that will be loaded (default "$HOME/.trivy/modules")

docs/docs/references/configuration/config-file.md

@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ db:
 
   # Same as '--java-db-repository'
   java-repository:
+   - mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-java-db:1
    - ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-java-db:1
 
   # Same as '--skip-java-db-update'
@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ db:
 
   # Same as '--db-repository'
   repository:
+   - mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db:2
    - ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db:2
 
   # Same as '--skip-db-update'

pkg/db/db.go

@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ var (
 	DefaultGHCRRepository = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", "ghcr.io/aquasecurity/trivy-db", db.SchemaVersion)
 	defaultGHCRRepository = lo.Must(name.NewTag(DefaultGHCRRepository))
 
+	// GCR mirror
+	DefaultGCRRepository = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", "mirror.gcr.io/aquasec/trivy-db", db.SchemaVersion)
+	defaultGCRRepository = lo.Must(name.NewTag(DefaultGCRRepository))
+
 	Init  = db.Init
 	Close = db.Close
 	Path  = db.Path
@@ -73,6 +77,7 @@ func Dir(cacheDir string) string {
 func NewClient(dbDir string, quiet bool, opts ...Option) *Client {
 	o := &options{
 		dbRepositories: []name.Reference{
+			defaultGCRRepository,
 			defaultGHCRRepository,
 		},
 	}

pkg/fanal/image/registry/google/google.go

@@ -28,7 +28,15 @@ const gcrURLSuffix = ".gcr.io"
 // Google artifact registry
 const garURLSuffix = "-docker.pkg.dev"
 
+// Google mirror registry
+const gmrURLDomain = "mirror.gcr.io"
+
 func (g *Registry) CheckOptions(domain string, option types.RegistryOptions) (intf.RegistryClient, error) {
+	// We assume there is no chance that `mirror.gcr.io` will require authentication.
+	// So we need to skip `mirror.gcr.io` to avoid errors confusing users when downloading DB's.
+	if domain == gmrURLDomain {
+		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("mirror.gcr.io doesn't require authentication")
+	}
 	if domain != gcrURLDomain && !strings.HasSuffix(domain, gcrURLSuffix) && !strings.HasSuffix(domain, garURLSuffix) {
 		return nil, xerrors.Errorf("Google registry: %w", types.InvalidURLPattern)
 	}

pkg/flag/db_flags.go

@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ var (
 	DBRepositoryFlag = Flag[[]string]{
 		Name:       "db-repository",
 		ConfigName: "db.repository",
-		Default:    []string{db.DefaultGHCRRepository},
+		Default:    []string{db.DefaultGCRRepository, db.DefaultGHCRRepository},
 		Usage:      "OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-db in order of priority",
 	}
 	JavaDBRepositoryFlag = Flag[[]string]{
 		Name:       "java-db-repository",
 		ConfigName: "db.java-repository",
-		Default:    []string{javadb.DefaultGHCRRepository},
+		Default:    []string{javadb.DefaultGCRRepository, javadb.DefaultGHCRRepository},
 		Usage:      "OCI repository(ies) to retrieve trivy-java-db in order of priority",
 	}
 	LightFlag = Flag[bool]{