Add `check` command #39489

Job	Run time
Determine changes	9s
cargo fmt	20s
mkdocs	2m 35s
cargo build (release)	0s
pre-commit	3m 15s
python package	1m 26s
cargo build (msrv)	4m 27s
cargo fuzz build	5m 40s
cargo clippy	1m 46s
benchmarks	5m 1s
cargo shear	21s
cargo test (linux)	1m 46s
cargo test (linux, release)	4m 15s
cargo test (wasm)	1m 45s
cargo test (windows)	4m 31s
formatter instabilities and black similarity	0s
test scripts	1m 6s
ecosystem	26s
test ruff-lsp	43s
fuzz parser	0s
	39m 32s

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