feat(core): Add ability to pass inputs to TestBed.createComponent

This helps mitigate angular#57858 by allowing testers to pass inputs that will
be set _within_ the `NgZone.run` call that wraps component
initialization. This will ensure that inputs are set prior to the
automatic `ApplicationRef.tick`.

resolves angular#57856

goldens/public-api/core/testing/index.api.md

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ export interface TestBed {
     // (undocumented)
     configureTestingModule(moduleDef: TestModuleMetadata): TestBed;
     // (undocumented)
-    createComponent<T>(component: Type<T>): ComponentFixture<T>;
+    createComponent<T>(component: Type<T>, options?: TestBedCreateComponentOptions): ComponentFixture<T>;
     // (undocumented)
     execute(tokens: any[], fn: Function, context?: any): any;
     flushEffects(): void;

packages/core/testing/src/test_bed.ts

@@ -65,6 +65,28 @@ export interface TestBedStatic extends TestBed {
   new (...args: any[]): TestBed;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Additional options for configuring the component fixture on creation.
+ *
+ * @publicApi
+ * @see TestBed#createComponent
+ */
+export interface TestBedCreateComponentOptions {
+  /**
+   * The initial inputs for the component.
+   *
+   * These key/value pairs will be used with `ComponentRef#setInput` after the
+   * test component is created and before the fixture is returned from `createComponent`.
+   *
+   * Specifying inputs at creation is useful in conjunction with `ComponentFixtureAutoDetect`
+   * to ensure that the inputs are set before change detection runs on the component.
+   *
+   * @see ComponentRef#setInput
+   * @see ComponentFixture#componentRef
+   */
+  inputs?: {[templateName: string]: unknown};
+}
+
 /**
  * @publicApi
  */
@@ -160,7 +182,10 @@ export interface TestBed {
 
   overrideTemplateUsingTestingModule(component: Type<any>, template: string): TestBed;
 
-  createComponent<T>(component: Type<T>): ComponentFixture<T>;
+  createComponent<T>(
+    component: Type<T>,
+    options?: TestBedCreateComponentOptions,
+  ): ComponentFixture<T>;
 
   /**
    * Execute any pending effects.
@@ -398,8 +423,11 @@ export class TestBedImpl implements TestBed {
     return TestBedImpl.INSTANCE.runInInjectionContext(fn);
   }
 
-  static createComponent<T>(component: Type<T>): ComponentFixture<T> {
-    return TestBedImpl.INSTANCE.createComponent(component);
+  static createComponent<T>(
+    component: Type<T>,
+    options?: TestBedCreateComponentOptions,
+  ): ComponentFixture<T> {
+    return TestBedImpl.INSTANCE.createComponent(component, options);
   }
 
   static resetTestingModule(): TestBed {
@@ -668,7 +696,10 @@ export class TestBedImpl implements TestBed {
     return this.overrideComponent(component, {set: {template, templateUrl: null!}});
   }
 
-  createComponent<T>(type: Type<T>): ComponentFixture<T> {
+  createComponent<T>(
+    type: Type<T>,
+    {inputs = {}}: TestBedCreateComponentOptions = {inputs: {}},
+  ): ComponentFixture<T> {
     const testComponentRenderer = this.inject(TestComponentRenderer);
     const rootElId = `root${_nextRootElementId++}`;
     testComponentRenderer.insertRootElement(rootElId);
@@ -694,7 +725,11 @@ export class TestBedImpl implements TestBed {
         `#${rootElId}`,
         this.testModuleRef,
       ) as ComponentRef<T>;
-      return this.runInInjectionContext(() => new ComponentFixture(componentRef));
+      const fixture = this.runInInjectionContext(() => new ComponentFixture(componentRef));
+      for (const key of Object.keys(inputs)) {
+        fixture.componentRef.setInput(key, inputs[key]);
+      }
+      return fixture;
     };
     const noNgZone = this.inject(ComponentFixtureNoNgZone, false);
     const ngZone = noNgZone ? null : this.inject(NgZone, null);

packages/core/testing/src/test_bed_common.ts

@@ -36,6 +36,14 @@ export class TestComponentRenderer {
 
 /**
  * @publicApi
+ *
+ * When true, ensures components created with `TestBed#createComponent` are attached to the application.
+ * This more closely matches production behavior for the vast majority of components in Angular.
+ * When using `ComponentFixtureAutoDetect`, consider also defining the initial inputs in the
+ * options of `TestBed#createComponent` to ensure they are set prior to the first change detection
+ * of the component.
+ *
+ * @see TestBedCreateComponentOptions
  */
 export const ComponentFixtureAutoDetect = new InjectionToken<boolean>('ComponentFixtureAutoDetect');