Add sanitizer features to unix_cc_toolchain_config

There was some discussion here about adding `asan`, `tsan`, and `ubsan` features to the unix toolchains to match macos. bazel-contrib/toolchains_llvm#90 (comment)

I've taken my changes local to that project and copied it into Bazel as suggested by @fmeum. I've written some tests but I'm not sure where to place them or if it makes sense to depend on the error messages from asan/tsan/ubsan.

Closes #17083.

PiperOrigin-RevId: 501213060
Change-Id: I9d973ebe35e4fa2804d2e91df9f700a285f7b404

src/test/shell/bazel/cc_integration_test.sh

@@ -1856,4 +1856,109 @@ EOF
   fi
 }
 
+# sanitizer features are opt-in so we check if the sanitizer library is
+# installed and skip the test if it isn't (e.g. centos-7-openjdk-11-gcc-10)
+function __is_installed() {
+  local lib="$1"
+
+  if [[ "$(uname -s | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z')" == "linux" ]]; then
+    return $(ldconfig -p | grep -q "$lib")
+  fi
+
+  # assume installed for darwin
+}
+
+function test_cc_toolchain_asan_feature() {
+  local feature=asan
+  __is_installed "lib$feature" || return 0
+
+  mkdir pkg
+  cat > pkg/BUILD <<EOF
+cc_binary(
+  name = 'example',
+  srcs = ['example.cc'],
+  features = ['$feature'],
+)
+EOF
+
+  # some versions of clang will optimize away the pointer assignment and
+  # dereference without volatile
+  # https://godbolt.org/z/of8cr3P8q
+  cat > pkg/example.cc <<EOF
+int main() {
+  volatile int* p;
+
+  {
+    volatile int x = 0;
+    p = &x;
+  }
+
+  return *p;
+}
+EOF
+
+  bazel run //pkg:example &> "$TEST_log" && fail "Should have failed due to $feature" || true
+  expect_log "ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-use-after-scope"
+}
+
+function test_cc_toolchain_tsan_feature() {
+  local feature=tsan
+  __is_installed "lib$feature" || return 0
+
+  mkdir pkg
+  cat > pkg/BUILD <<EOF
+cc_binary(
+  name = 'example',
+  srcs = ['example.cc'],
+  features = ['$feature'],
+)
+EOF
+
+  cat > pkg/example.cc <<EOF
+#include <thread>
+
+int value = 0;
+
+void increment() {
+  ++value;
+}
+
+int main() {
+  std::thread t1(increment);
+  std::thread t2(increment);
+  t1.join();
+  t2.join();
+
+  return value;
+}
+EOF
+
+  bazel run //pkg:example &> "$TEST_log" && fail "Should have failed due to $feature" || true
+  expect_log "WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race"
+}
+
+function test_cc_toolchain_ubsan_feature() {
+  local feature=ubsan
+  __is_installed "lib$feature" || return 0
+
+  mkdir pkg
+  cat > pkg/BUILD <<EOF
+cc_binary(
+  name = 'example',
+  srcs = ['example.cc'],
+  features = ['$feature'],
+)
+EOF
+
+  cat > pkg/example.cc <<EOF
+int main() {
+  int array[10];
+  return array[10];
+}
+EOF
+
+  bazel run //pkg:example &> "$TEST_log" && fail "Should have failed due to $feature" || true
+  expect_log "runtime error: index 10 out of bounds"
+}
+
 run_suite "cc_integration_test"

tools/cpp/unix_cc_toolchain_config.bzl

@@ -143,6 +143,35 @@ lto_index_actions = [
     ACTION_NAMES.lto_index_for_nodeps_dynamic_library,
 ]
 
+def _sanitizer_feature(name = "", specific_compile_flags = [], specific_link_flags = []):
+    return feature(
+        name = name,
+        flag_sets = [
+            flag_set(
+                actions = all_compile_actions,
+                flag_groups = [
+                    flag_group(flags = [
+                        "-O1",
+                        "-fno-omit-frame-pointer",
+                        "-fno-sanitize-recover=all",
+                    ] + specific_compile_flags),
+                ],
+                with_features = [
+                    with_feature_set(features = [name]),
+                ],
+            ),
+            flag_set(
+                actions = all_link_actions,
+                flag_groups = [
+                    flag_group(flags = specific_link_flags),
+                ],
+                with_features = [
+                    with_feature_set(features = [name]),
+                ],
+            ),
+        ],
+    )
+
 def _impl(ctx):
     tool_paths = [
         tool_path(name = name, path = path)
@@ -1215,6 +1244,37 @@ def _impl(ctx):
         enabled = True,
     )
 
+    asan_feature = _sanitizer_feature(
+        name = "asan",
+        specific_compile_flags = [
+            "-fsanitize=address",
+            "-fno-common",
+        ],
+        specific_link_flags = [
+            "-fsanitize=address",
+        ],
+    )
+
+    tsan_feature = _sanitizer_feature(
+        name = "tsan",
+        specific_compile_flags = [
+            "-fsanitize=thread",
+        ],
+        specific_link_flags = [
+            "-fsanitize=thread",
+        ],
+    )
+
+    ubsan_feature = _sanitizer_feature(
+        name = "ubsan",
+        specific_compile_flags = [
+            "-fsanitize=undefined",
+        ],
+        specific_link_flags = [
+            "-fsanitize=undefined",
+        ],
+    )
+
     is_linux = ctx.attr.target_libc != "macosx"
     libtool_feature = feature(
         name = "libtool",
@@ -1255,6 +1315,9 @@ def _impl(ctx):
             strip_debug_symbols_feature,
             coverage_feature,
             supports_pic_feature,
+            asan_feature,
+            tsan_feature,
+            ubsan_feature,
         ] + (
             [
                 supports_start_end_lib_feature,
@@ -1290,6 +1353,9 @@ def _impl(ctx):
             libtool_feature,
             archiver_flags_feature,
             supports_pic_feature,
+            asan_feature,
+            tsan_feature,
+            ubsan_feature,
         ] + (
             [
                 supports_start_end_lib_feature,