corrections to the spec

[jhump]

Recently identified bugs in the spec:

1. Fixing some minor omissions about constraints on package name length and depth of nested messages.
2. Fixing an omission about the constraints of octal and hexadecimal integer literals. Until recently, decimal literals had the same constraint, but were then treated inconsistently when a negative sign was applied (based on whether the context was a normal or custom option value or a field default value). Instead of describing that behavior, the spec now describes the behavior of the next release of protoc (which will include this fix).
3. The final change is a straight up error in the spec. I think I wrote the paragraph on extensions in message literals from memory instead of looking at actual code. I even fixed this recently in protoparse, but failed to recall when I wrote this. This fixes that mistake.

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Name	Status	Preview	Updated
protobuf-com	✅ Ready (Inspect)	Visit Preview	Sep 16, 2022 at 3:22PM (UTC)

[jhump]

@pkwarren, you'll notice that these are all related to recent changes in protocompile (yours and mine). So hopefully you don't mind me tagging you as the reviewer for this repo, too :)