Monero: Add CAIP-10 spec (ethereum#86)

monero/caip10.md

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+---
+namespace-identifier: monero-caip10
+title: Monero - Addresses
+author: silverpill (@silverpill)
+discussions-to: https://github.com/ChainAgnostic/namespaces/issues/41
+status: Draft
+type: Informational
+created: 2023-09-01
+requires: ["CAIP-10"]
+---
+
+# CAIP-10
+
+*For context, see the [CAIP-10][] specification.*
+
+## Rationale
+
+CAIP-10 defines a pattern for identifying an account in a blockchain. 
+Monero chains use UTXO model and [Monero addresses][] are functionally similar to accounts in other namespaces.
+
+## Semantics
+
+Monero has several types of addresses: [standard address](https://monerodocs.org/public-address/standard-address/), [subaddress](https://monerodocs.org/public-address/subaddress/) and [integrated address](https://monerodocs.org/public-address/integrated-address/). 
+Any address contains network and address type identifiers, public spend key, public view key, a checksum, and may contain additional data depending on the address type. 
+Note that the [Base58-monero][base58-monero] encoding algorithm is used to encode the address from a byte array into a string; it uses the same alphabet as [base58btc][] but should not be decoded using [base58btc][] libraries due to the additional padding step to normalize string length.
+
+CAIP-10 "accounts" should not be confused with [Monero accounts][], which are used in Monero wallets for grouping related addresses and transactions.
+
+## Syntax
+
+Monero CAIP-10 account ID is a case-sensitive string in the form:
+
+```
+account_id:        chain_id + ":" + address
+chain_id:          See Monero CAIP-2 profile
+address:           [a-zA-Z0-9]{95,106}
+```
+
+The syntax of `chain_id` is specified in [Monero CAIP-2][].
+
+## Test Cases
+
+This is a list of manually composed examples:
+
+```
+# Monero mainnet standard address
+monero:418015bb9ae982a1975da7d79277c270:4AdUndXHHZ6cfufTMvppY6JwXNouMBzSkbLYfpAV5Usx3skxNgYeYTRj5UzqtReoS44qo9mtmXCqY45DJ852K5Jv2684Rge
+
+# Monero mainnet integrated address
+monero:418015bb9ae982a1975da7d79277c270:4LL9oSLmtpccfufTMvppY6JwXNouMBzSkbLYfpAV5Usx3skxNgYeYTRj5UzqtReoS44qo9mtmXCqY45DJ852K5Jv2bYXZKKQePHES9khPK
+
+# Monero private testnet subaddress
+monero:00000000000000000000000000000000:86MD1PNx3vmKUQjLvxNnmUfGQoHXAg8x56Nq97KrziKj5K8ACnpNUYx2KjiNAczP3igo7uUUUoGssDvKuZ7UUEoM1A8cvZs
+```
+
+## Additional Considerations
+
+In the future new types of Monero addresses will be introduced. 
+They will likely be longer and may exceed the 128 character limit set in [CAIP-10][] specification.
+
+## References
+
+- [Address documentation][Monero Addresses] from Monero documentation
+- [Account documentation][Monero Accounts] from Monero documentation
+
+[CAIP-10]: https://github.com/ChainAgnostic/CAIPs/blob/master/CAIPs/caip-10.md
+[Monero addresses]: https://www.getmonero.org/resources/moneropedia/address.html
+[Monero accounts]: https://www.getmonero.org/resources/moneropedia/account.html
+[base58-monero]: https://monerodocs.org/cryptography/base58/
+[Monero CAIP-2]: https://github.com/ChainAgnostic/namespaces/blob/main/monero/caip2.md
+[base58btc]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-msporny-base58-02
+[base58btc-alphabet]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-msporny-base58-02#section-21
+
+## Copyright
+
+Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).