Rewrite str_replace using snprintf for security and fix clang-tidy

[jiegec]

Your checklist for this pull request

• I've documented or updated the documentation of every API function and struct this PR changes.
• I've added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works (if possible)

Detailed description

Avoid potential integer underflow in strlen(target) - strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) if strlen(str1) is very large. Use snprintf to ensure memory safety.

Test plan

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Closing issues

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[Rot127]

Almost forgot. Please change the doxygen comment of the function to use /// instead of //

[jiegec]

Almost forgot. Please change the doxygen comment of the function to use /// instead of //

Done

[XVilka]

@kabeor, could you take a quick look at this one? To unblock further LoongArch work?

[kabeor]

Cool, thanks!