🐍⬆️ update image for Linux wheel builds to manylinux_2_28

[burgholzer]

Description

CentOS 7, which the default manylinux2014 image is based on, reached end-of-life in June 2024.
The only meaningful platforms left that do not provide a recent enough glibc version are some Amazon Linux 2 platforms, which are not really relevant for the MQT.

This PR moves the Linux wheel builds to the more recent manylinux_2_28 images, which offers many performance improvements and optimizations.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.