Add sanity check to executable CD + more (psf#3190)

Building executables without any testing is quite sketchy, let's at
least verify they won't crash on startup and format Black's own
codebase.

Also replaced "binaries" with "executables" since it's clearer and
won't be confused with mypyc.

Finally, I added colorama so all Windows users can get colour.

.github/workflows/upload_binary.yml

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
-name: Upload self-contained binaries
+name: Publish executables
 
 on:
   release:
     types: [published]
 
 permissions:
-  contents: read
+  contents: write # actions/upload-release-asset needs this.
 
 jobs:
   build:
-    permissions:
-      contents: write # for actions/upload-release-asset to upload release asset
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -38,15 +36,21 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: "*"
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
+      - name: Install Black and PyInstaller
         run: |
-          python -m pip install --upgrade pip wheel setuptools
-          python -m pip install .
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip wheel
+          python -m pip install .[colorama]
           python -m pip install pyinstaller
 
-      - name: Build binary
+      - name: Build executable with PyInstaller
+        run: >
+          python -m PyInstaller -F --name ${{ matrix.asset_name }} --add-data
+          'src/blib2to3${{ matrix.pathsep }}blib2to3' src/black/__main__.py
+
+      - name: Quickly test executable
         run: |
-          python -m PyInstaller -F --name ${{ matrix.asset_name }} --add-data 'src/blib2to3${{ matrix.pathsep }}blib2to3' src/black/__main__.py
+          ./dist/${{ matrix.asset_name }} --version
+          ./dist/${{ matrix.asset_name }} src --verbose
 
       - name: Upload binary as release asset
         uses: actions/upload-release-asset@v1