Clean up and refactor VSCode integration

[GirlBossRush]

This PR addresses portions of #3835, specifically changes associated with making our modifications to upstream more aligned with their coding architecture and style. To keep this PR reviewable, a second PR based off the remaining changes in our fork branch will follow.

• Fixed linter/prettier mixups during development.
• Cleaned up web config injection, removed separate NLS injection.
• Cleaned up comments for use with intellisense
• Updated types to more often use VScode's built in types.
• Cleaned up URI helpers.
• Organized connection classes into separate files.
• Documented protocol usage, adding trace logging support.
• Fleshed out partial support for remote debugging.
• Updated tests.

How to review this PR

Despite the file count, much of the changes here are linter corrections, removing duplicate interfaces, and moving existing interfaces into better documented areas. I recommend reviewing with whitespace changes disabled.

[github-actions]

✨ Coder.com for PR #4010 deployed! It will be updated on every commit.

• Host: https://codercom-jepn6rn53-codercom.vercel.app/docs/code-server
• Last deploy status: success
• Commit: 49772d5
• Workflow status: https://github.com/cdr/code-server/actions/runs/1292969039

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #4010 (ea1a59d) into main (6eda7ae) will decrease coverage by 65.32%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

❗ Current head ea1a59d differs from pull request most recent head 9f4e932. Consider uploading reports for the commit 9f4e932 to get more accurate results

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #4010       +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   65.32%       0   -65.33%     
==========================================
  Files          36       0       -36     
  Lines        1883       0     -1883     
  Branches      380       0      -380     
==========================================
- Hits         1230       0     -1230     
+ Misses        555       0      -555     
+ Partials       98       0       -98     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/node/routes/pathProxy.ts
src/node/routes/update.ts
src/common/http.ts
src/node/routes/health.ts
src/node/proxy.ts
src/node/routes/apps.ts
src/node/routes/domainProxy.ts
src/node/coder_cloud.ts
src/node/heart.ts
src/node/wsRouter.ts
... and 2 more

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[jsjoeio]

@TeffenEllis are you planning to update this, this week?

[benz0li]

@TeffenEllis Is the VS Code integration refactored in the manner of https://github.com/gitpod-io/openvscode-server?

[jsjoeio]

Looks like yarn fmt is unhappy with you 😛

[jsjoeio]

Merging #4010 (8a295c2) into main (6eda7ae) will decrease coverage by 1.07%.