build(deps): Bump Go to 1.22 (backport #4059)

[mergify]

Context

We are updating CometBFT dependencies to fix new CVE vulnerabilities.
Cometbft-db v0.9.5 updates its Go version to 1.22 and updates some of its dependencies vulnerable to CVEs.
See its CHANGELOG

This Change

This PR updates cometbft-db to v0.9.5.

---

PR checklist

- [ ] Tests written/updated

• Changelog entry added in .changelog (we use unclog to manage our changelog)
  - [ ] Updated relevant documentation (docs/ or spec/) and code comments

---

This is an automatic backport of pull request #4059 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

---

This is an automatic backport of pull request #4072 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

[mergify]

Cherry-pick of 3215ee1 has failed:

On branch mergify/bp/v0.38.x/pr-4072
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/v0.38.x'.

You are currently cherry-picking commit 3215ee16a.
  (fix conflicts and run "git cherry-pick --continue")
  (use "git cherry-pick --skip" to skip this patch)
  (use "git cherry-pick --abort" to cancel the cherry-pick operation)

Changes to be committed:
	new file:   .changelog/unreleased/dependencies/4059-update-cometbft-db.md
	modified:   .github/workflows/build.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/check-generated.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/e2e-manual-multiversion.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/e2e-manual.yml
	deleted:    .github/workflows/e2e-nightly-37x.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/e2e.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/fuzz-nightly.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/govulncheck.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/lint.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/pre-release.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/release-version.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/release.yml
	modified:   .github/workflows/tests.yml
	modified:   DOCKER/Dockerfile
	modified:   crypto/secp256k1/secp256k1.go
	modified:   evidence/mocks/block_store.go
	modified:   light/rpc/mocks/light_client.go
	modified:   mempool/mocks/mempool.go
	modified:   p2p/mocks/peer.go
	modified:   proxy/mocks/client_creator.go
	modified:   state/mocks/evidence_pool.go
	modified:   statesync/mocks/state_provider.go

Unmerged paths:
  (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
	deleted by us:   .github/workflows/e2e-long-37x.yml
	deleted by them: .github/workflows/e2e-nightly-34x.yml
	deleted by them: .github/workflows/e2e-nightly-main.yml
	both modified:   README.md
	both modified:   UPGRADING.md
	both modified:   abci/client/mocks/client.go
	both modified:   abci/types/mocks/application.go
	both modified:   docs/guides/go-built-in.md
	both modified:   docs/guides/go.md
	both modified:   go.mod
	both modified:   go.sum
	both modified:   proxy/mocks/app_conn_consensus.go
	both modified:   proxy/mocks/app_conn_mempool.go
	both modified:   proxy/mocks/app_conn_query.go
	both modified:   proxy/mocks/app_conn_snapshot.go
	both modified:   scripts/metricsgen/metricsgen.go
	both modified:   state/indexer/mocks/block_indexer.go
	both modified:   state/mocks/block_store.go
	both modified:   state/mocks/store.go
	both modified:   state/txindex/mocks/tx_indexer.go
	both modified:   test/docker/Dockerfile
	both modified:   test/e2e/docker/Dockerfile

To fix up this pull request, you can check it out locally. See documentation: https://docs.github.com/en/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/reviewing-changes-in-pull-requests/checking-out-pull-requests-locally