commoncrawl · sebastian-nagel · Sep 27, 2024
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/archive/resource/MetaData.java b/src/main/java/org/archive/resource/MetaData.java
@@ -7,6 +7,15 @@
 import com.github.openjson.JSONObject;
 import com.github.openjson.JSONTokener;
 
+/**
+ * A nested structure of {@linkplain JSONObject}s to hold the metadata of
+ * content in nested containers, e.g. a HTML page as payload of a HTTP response
+ * in a WARC record stored as gzip "member".
+ * 
+ * MetaData is multi-valued: if a second value is added under the same "key"
+ * ("name"), both values are stored in a {@linkplain JSONArray} as value. This
+ * allows to hold all values of repeating WARC or HTTP headers.
+ */
 public class MetaData extends JSONObject {
 
 	private static final Logger LOG = 
@@ -67,6 +76,18 @@ public int getInt(String key) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@Override
+	public int optInt(String key, int defaultValue) {
+		if (has(key)) {
+			try {
+				return super.getInt(key);
+			} catch(JSONException e) {
+				LOG.severe(e.getMessage());
+			}
+		}
+		return defaultValue;
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public long getLong(String key) {
 		try {
@@ -77,6 +98,18 @@ public long getLong(String key) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@Override
+	public long optLong(String key, long defaultValue) {
+		if (has(key)) {
+			try {
+				return super.getLong(key);
+			} catch(JSONException e) {
+				LOG.severe(e.getMessage());
+			}
+		}
+		return defaultValue;
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public String getString(String key) {
 		try {
@@ -102,9 +135,37 @@ public void setTopMetaData(MetaData topMetaData) {
 		this.topMetaData = topMetaData;
 	}
 
+	@Override
+	public JSONObject put(String name, boolean value) throws JSONException {
+		return super.accumulate(name, value);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public JSONObject put(String name, double value) throws JSONException {
+		return super.accumulate(name, value);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public JSONObject put(String name, int value) throws JSONException {
+		return super.accumulate(name, value);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public JSONObject put(String name, long value) throws JSONException {
+		return super.accumulate(name, value);
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public JSONObject put(String key, Object value) {
+		if (has(key)) {
+			return super.accumulate(key, value);
+		}
+		return super.put(key, value);
+	}
+
 	public JSONObject putString(String key, String val) {
 		try {
-			return super.put(key,val);
+			return super.accumulate(key,val);
 		} catch(JSONException e) {
 			LOG.severe(e.getMessage());
 			return null;
@@ -113,7 +174,7 @@ public JSONObject putString(String key, String val) {
 
 	public JSONObject putLong(String key, long val) {
 		try {
-			return super.put(key,String.valueOf(val));
+			return super.accumulate(key,String.valueOf(val));
 		} catch(JSONException e) {
 			LOG.severe(e.getMessage());
 			return null;
@@ -122,7 +183,7 @@ public JSONObject putLong(String key, long val) {
 
 	public JSONObject putBoolean(String key, boolean val) {
 		try {
-			return super.put(key,val);
+			return super.accumulate(key,val);
 		} catch(JSONException e) {
 			LOG.severe(e.getMessage());
 			return null;

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/archive/resource/MetaDataTest.java b/src/test/java/org/archive/resource/MetaDataTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package org.archive.resource;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import org.archive.extract.ExtractingResourceFactoryMapper;
+import org.archive.extract.ExtractingResourceProducer;
+import org.archive.extract.ProducerUtils;
+import org.archive.extract.ResourceFactoryMapper;
+import org.archive.format.json.JSONUtils;
+
+import com.github.openjson.JSONArray;
+import com.github.openjson.JSONObject;
+
+import junit.framework.TestCase;
+
+public class MetaDataTest extends TestCase {
+
+	private static String[] testFilePaths = {
+			"src/test/resources/org/archive/format/warc/IAH-urls-wget.warc",
+			"src/test/resources/org/archive/format/warc/mutliple-headers.warc"
+	};
+
+	private static JSONObject obj = new JSONObject("{\"foo\":\"bar\",\"hello\":\"world\"}");
+
+	private MetaData putMetaData(MetaData m) {
+		m.putBoolean("boolean-1", false);
+		m.putBoolean("boolean-2", true);
+		m.put("boolean-3", true);
+		m.put("boolean-1", true); // append
+
+		m.put("double-1", 0.5d);
+		m.put("double-2", 2.5d);
+		m.put("double-3", 3.5d);
+		m.put("double-1", 1.5d); // append
+
+		m.put("int-1", 0);
+		m.put("int-2", 2);
+		m.put("int-3", 3);
+		m.put("int-1", 1); // append
+
+		// choose JSON "numbers" which are forced into a Java long (too big for an integer)
+		m.putLong("long-1", 0xffffffffL + 0L);
+		m.putLong("long-2", 0xffffffffL + 2L);
+		m.put("long-3", 0xffffffffL + 3L);
+		m.put("long-1", 0xffffffffL + 1L); // append
+
+		m.putString("string-1", "0");
+		m.putString("string-2", "2");
+		m.put("string-3", "3");
+		m.put("string-1", "1"); // append
+
+		m.putOpt("obj-1", obj);
+		m.put("obj-1", obj); // append
+		m.put("obj-2", obj);
+		m.putOpt("obj-2", null); // do nothing because value is null
+
+		return m;
+	}
+
+	private void verifyMultiValuedMetaData(MetaData m) {
+		// boolean
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, m.get("boolean-1").getClass());
+		assertEquals(false, ((JSONArray) m.get("boolean-1")).getBoolean(0));
+		assertEquals(true, ((JSONArray) m.get("boolean-1")).getBoolean(1));
+		assertEquals(true, m.getBoolean("boolean-2"));
+		assertEquals(true, m.getBoolean("boolean-3"));
+		assertEquals(Boolean.class, m.get("boolean-3").getClass());
+		assertEquals(true, m.optBoolean("boolean-3", false));
+		assertEquals(false, m.optBoolean("boolean-99", false));
+
+		// double
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, m.get("double-1").getClass());
+		assertEquals(0.5d, ((JSONArray) m.get("double-1")).getDouble(0));
+		assertEquals(1.5d, ((JSONArray) m.get("double-1")).getDouble(1));
+		assertEquals(2.5d, m.getDouble("double-2"));
+		assertEquals(3.5d, m.getDouble("double-3"));
+		assertEquals(Double.class, m.get("double-3").getClass());
+		assertEquals(3.5d, m.optDouble("double-3"));
+		assertEquals(99.5d, m.optDouble("double-99", 99.5d));
+
+		// int
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, m.get("int-1").getClass());
+		assertEquals(0, ((JSONArray) m.get("int-1")).getInt(0));
+		assertEquals(1, ((JSONArray) m.get("int-1")).getInt(1));
+		assertEquals(2, m.getInt("int-2"));
+		assertEquals(3, m.getInt("int-3"));
+		assertEquals(Integer.class, m.get("int-3").getClass());
+		assertEquals(3, m.optInt("int-3"));
+		assertEquals(99, m.optInt("int-99", 99));
+
+		// long
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, m.get("long-1").getClass());
+		assertEquals(0xffffffffL + 0L, ((JSONArray) m.get("long-1")).getLong(0));
+		assertEquals(0xffffffffL + 1L, ((JSONArray) m.get("long-1")).getLong(1));
+		assertEquals(0xffffffffL + 2L, m.getLong("long-2"));
+		assertEquals(0xffffffffL + 3L, m.getLong("long-3"));
+		assertEquals(Long.class, m.get("long-3").getClass());
+		assertEquals(0xffffffffL + 3L, m.optLong("long-3"));
+		assertEquals(0xffffffffL + 99L, m.optLong("long-99", 0xffffffffL + 99L));
+
+		// String
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, m.get("string-1").getClass());
+		assertEquals("0", ((JSONArray) m.get("string-1")).getString(0));
+		assertEquals("1", ((JSONArray) m.get("string-1")).getString(1));
+		assertEquals("2", m.getString("string-2"));
+		assertEquals("3", m.getString("string-3"));
+		assertEquals(String.class, m.get("string-3").getClass());
+		assertEquals("3", m.optString("string-3"));
+		assertEquals("99", m.optString("string-99", "99"));
+
+		// Object
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, m.get("obj-1").getClass());
+		assertEquals(JSONObject.class, ((JSONArray) m.get("obj-1")).get(0).getClass());
+		assertEquals(JSONObject.class, ((JSONArray) m.get("obj-1")).get(1).getClass());
+		assertEquals("bar", ((JSONObject) ((JSONArray) m.get("obj-1")).get(0)).get("foo"));
+		assertEquals("world", ((JSONObject) ((JSONArray) m.get("obj-1")).get(0)).get("hello"));
+		assertEquals("bar", ((JSONObject) ((JSONArray) m.get("obj-1")).get(1)).get("foo"));
+		assertEquals("world", ((JSONObject) ((JSONArray) m.get("obj-1")).get(1)).get("hello"));
+		assertEquals(JSONObject.class, m.get("obj-2").getClass());
+		assertEquals("bar", ((JSONObject) m.get("obj-2")).get("foo"));
+		assertEquals("world", ((JSONObject) m.get("obj-2")).get("hello"));
+	}
+
+	public void testMultiValued() {
+		MetaData m = new MetaData();
+		m = putMetaData(m);
+		verifyMultiValuedMetaData(m);
+
+		// test (de)serialization
+		m = new MetaData(m.toString(2));
+		verifyMultiValuedMetaData(m);
+	}
+
+	private MetaData readNextWARCResponseAsMetaData(String filePath) throws IOException, ResourceParseException {
+		ResourceProducer producer = ProducerUtils.getProducer(filePath);
+		ResourceFactoryMapper mapper = new ExtractingResourceFactoryMapper();
+		ExtractingResourceProducer exProducer = new ExtractingResourceProducer(producer, mapper);
+		Resource r = exProducer.getNext();
+		while (r != null) {
+			MetaData top = r.getMetaData().getTopMetaData();
+			JSONObject warcHeaders = JSONUtils.extractObject(top, "Envelope.WARC-Header-Metadata");
+			if (warcHeaders.has("WARC-Type") && "response".equals(warcHeaders.getString("WARC-Type"))) {
+				return top;
+			}
+			r = exProducer.getNext();
+		}
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Verify that in the legacy test file all WARC and HTTP headers are
+	 * single-valued, i.e. {@linkplain String}s.
+	 */
+	public void testSingleHeaders() throws IOException, ResourceParseException {
+		MetaData m = readNextWARCResponseAsMetaData(testFilePaths[0]);
+
+		JSONObject warcHeaders = JSONUtils.extractObject(m, "Envelope.WARC-Header-Metadata");
+		JSONObject httpHeaders = JSONUtils.extractObject(m, "Envelope.Payload-Metadata.HTTP-Response-Metadata.Headers");
+
+		for (Object header : warcHeaders.keySet()) {
+			assertEquals(String.class, warcHeaders.get(header.toString()).getClass());
+		}
+
+		for (Object header : httpHeaders.keySet()) {
+			assertEquals(String.class, httpHeaders.get(header.toString()).getClass());
+		}
+	}
+
+	public void testMultipleHeaders() throws IOException, ResourceParseException {
+		MetaData m = readNextWARCResponseAsMetaData(testFilePaths[1]);
+
+		JSONObject warcHeaders = JSONUtils.extractObject(m, "Envelope.WARC-Header-Metadata");
+		JSONObject httpHeaders = JSONUtils.extractObject(m, "Envelope.Payload-Metadata.HTTP-Response-Metadata.Headers");
+
+		assertEquals("https://www.example.com/index.html/", warcHeaders.getString("WARC-Target-URI"));
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, warcHeaders.get("WARC-Protocol").getClass());
+		assertEquals(2, ((JSONArray) warcHeaders.get("WARC-Protocol")).length());
+		assertEquals("h2", ((JSONArray) warcHeaders.get("WARC-Protocol")).get(0));
+
+		assertEquals("108", httpHeaders.getString("Content-Length"));
+		assertEquals(JSONArray.class, httpHeaders.get("x-powered-by").getClass());
+		assertEquals(2, ((JSONArray) httpHeaders.get("x-powered-by")).length());
+		assertEquals("PHP/8.3.11", ((JSONArray) httpHeaders.get("x-powered-by")).get(0));
+		assertEquals("PleskLin", ((JSONArray) httpHeaders.get("x-powered-by")).get(1));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/test/resources/org/archive/format/warc/mutliple-headers.warc b/src/test/resources/org/archive/format/warc/mutliple-headers.warc
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+WARC/1.0
+WARC-Type: response
+WARC-Date: 2024-09-27T10:47:02Z
+WARC-Record-ID: <urn:uuid:7a10b628-4d3b-6f2e-8b73-c65d80646310>
+Content-Length: 971
+Content-Type: application/http; msgtype=response
+WARC-Warcinfo-ID: <urn:uuid:824d10d3-4f67-131a-9cbf-e40ecb5f0fa5>
+WARC-Concurrent-To: <urn:uuid:51776b84-429e-53cb-a335-b53cf855c57a>
+WARC-IP-Address: 172.67.184.105
+WARC-Target-URI: https://www.example.com/index.html/
+WARC-Protocol: h2
+WARC-Protocol: tls/1.3
+WARC-Cipher-Suite: TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
+WARC-Payload-Digest: sha1:70FB81039DCE25916E0E0CB48CF6662E3F27FFFC
+WARC-Block-Digest: sha1:80573371A8271BE6B3AA26FD9DB72E9AD9F316D9
+WARC-Identified-Payload-Type: text/html
+
+HTTP/1.1 200 
+date: Fri, 27 Sep 2024 10:47:02 GMT
+content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
+x-powered-by: PHP/8.3.11
+x-powered-by: PleskLin
+x-pingback: https://www.example.com/xmlrpc.php
+link: <https://www.example.com/wp-json/>; rel="https://api.w.org/"
+link: <https://www.example.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/00000>; rel="alternate"; title="JSON"; type="application/json"
+link: <https://www.example.com/?p=00000>; rel=shortlink
+x-litespeed-cache: miss
+vary: Accept-Encoding
+x-turbo-charged-by: LiteSpeed
+cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
+report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=XXtestYY"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
+nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
+server: cloudflare
+cf-ray: 8bf61e4afb9e7f9e-IAD
+X-Crawler-content-encoding: br
+alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
+Content-Length: 108
+
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+	<meta charset="UTF-8">
+	<title>Test</title>
+</head>
+<body/>
+</html>
+