[Clang] Workaround dependent source location issues (llvm#106925)

In llvm#78436 we made some SourceLocExpr dependent to
deal with the fact that their value should reflect the name of
specialized function - rather than the rtemplate in which they are first
used.

However SourceLocExpr are unusual in two ways
 - They don't depend on template arguments
- They morally depend on the context in which they are used (rather than
called from).

It's fair to say that this is quite novels and confuses clang. In
particular, in some cases, we used to create dependent SourceLocExpr and
never subsequently transform them, leaving dependent objects in
instantiated functions types. To work around that we avoid replacing
SourceLocExpr when we think they could remain dependent.
It's certainly not perfect but it fixes a number of reported bugs, and
seem to only affect scenarios in which the value of the SourceLocExpr
does not matter (overload resolution).

Fixes llvm#106428
Fixes llvm#81155
Fixes llvm#80210
Fixes llvm#85373

---------

Co-authored-by: Aaron Ballman <aaron@aaronballman.com>

clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst

@@ -1121,6 +1121,8 @@ Bug Fixes to C++ Support
   Fixes (#GH85992).
 - Fixed a crash-on-invalid bug involving extraneous template parameter with concept substitution. (#GH73885)
 - Fixed assertion failure by skipping the analysis of an invalid field declaration. (#GH99868)
+- Fix an issue with dependent source location expressions (#GH106428), (#GH81155), (#GH80210), (#GH85373)
+
 
 Bug Fixes to AST Handling
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

clang/lib/Sema/SemaExpr.cpp

@@ -5430,11 +5430,24 @@ struct EnsureImmediateInvocationInDefaultArgs
 
   // Rewrite to source location to refer to the context in which they are used.
   ExprResult TransformSourceLocExpr(SourceLocExpr *E) {
-    if (E->getParentContext() == SemaRef.CurContext)
+    DeclContext *DC = E->getParentContext();
+    if (DC == SemaRef.CurContext)
       return E;
-    return getDerived().RebuildSourceLocExpr(E->getIdentKind(), E->getType(),
-                                             E->getBeginLoc(), E->getEndLoc(),
-                                             SemaRef.CurContext);
+
+    // FIXME: During instantiation, because the rebuild of defaults arguments
+    // is not always done in the context of the template instantiator,
+    // we run the risk of producing a dependent source location
+    // that would never be rebuilt.
+    // This usually happens during overload resolution, or in contexts
+    // where the value of the source location does not matter.
+    // However, we should find a better way to deal with source location
+    // of function templates.
+    if (!SemaRef.CurrentInstantiationScope ||
+        !SemaRef.CurContext->isDependentContext() || DC->isDependentContext())
+      DC = SemaRef.CurContext;
+
+    return getDerived().RebuildSourceLocExpr(
+        E->getIdentKind(), E->getType(), E->getBeginLoc(), E->getEndLoc(), DC);
   }
 };
 

clang/test/SemaCXX/source_location.cpp

@@ -929,3 +929,63 @@ void test() {
 }
 
 }
+
+namespace GH106428 {
+
+struct add_fn {
+    template <typename T>
+    constexpr auto operator()(T lhs, T rhs,
+                              const std::source_location loc = std::source_location::current())
+        const -> T
+    {
+        return lhs + rhs;
+    }
+};
+
+
+template <class _Fp, class... _Args>
+decltype(_Fp{}(0, 0))
+__invoke(_Fp&& __f);
+
+template<typename T>
+struct type_identity { using type = T; };
+
+template<class Fn>
+struct invoke_result : type_identity<decltype(__invoke(Fn{}))> {};
+
+using i = invoke_result<add_fn>::type;
+static_assert(__is_same(i, int));
+
+}
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 202002L
+
+namespace GH81155 {
+struct buff {
+  buff(buff &, const char * = __builtin_FUNCTION());
+};
+
+template <class Ty>
+Ty declval();
+
+template <class Fx>
+auto Call(buff arg) -> decltype(Fx{}(arg));
+
+template <typename>
+struct F {};
+
+template <class Fx>
+struct InvocableR : F<decltype(Call<Fx>(declval<buff>()))> {
+  static constexpr bool value = false;
+};
+
+template <class Fx, bool = InvocableR<Fx>::value>
+void Help(Fx) {}
+
+void Test() {
+  Help([](buff) {});
+}
+
+}
+
+#endif