You might be looking for the oil paint synthesizer.
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install Anaconda/Miniconda environment for Python 3 . https://www.continuum.io/downloads#windows
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install OpenCV for Python
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if you know what you're doing:
pip install opencv-python
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if you are on Windows and are out of luck: Download the version of
opencv-python
for your architecture from https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ thenpip install opencv.....amd64.whl
.(If you're using OS X, there are prebuilt packages of opencv-python on
conda
)
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(must) install threadpool:
pip install threadpool
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ipython -i painterfun.py
to run the program
After step 4 you can start typing code.
by default, flower.jpg
is loaded. to switch to another image, run load('another.jpg')
r(1)
will try once to put 512 strokes onto the canvas. Then the canvas, original, and the error image will be displayed.
you may execute r(1)
multiple times.
r(10)
will try 10 times. that's a lot of strokes!
canvas will be autosaved under /[name of the image file]/ directory between tries. You will be noticed from the CLI.
hist
variable holds all stroke history.
repaint(upscale=1)
will paint a new canvas according to the stroke history and return the painted image.
set upscale = 2 to paint a 2x larger image. (will display a smaller version of it, in case it exceeds the size of your screen.
to save the repainted image:
img = repaint()
, then cv2.imwrite('abc.png',img)
How can you render realistic oil paint strokes? You can't just do simple alpha compositions.
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Physically-Based Modeling Techniques for Interactive Digital Painting
by William Valentine Baxter III
p 155-159
per his paper: you can't mix oil colors by their RGB appearance.
mix = c1/2 + c2/2 # won't work.
Physically, you have to mix the oil colors' absorbance wavelength by wavelength, layer by layer, then do the multiplication. It's okay, but too slow, and I don't care about layers of paint.
So here I present a simpler model:
assume the total absorbance tabs
of some oil color paint with an appearance c1
(RGB vector from 0.0 to 1.0), we can then calculate tabs
as follows:
tabs = 1.0 - c1
If c1 == [1.0,1.0,1.0]
(white), the material does not absorb any portion of incoming light. Higher tabs
gets you darker color.
then, assume total absorbance tabs
is related to unit-depth absorbance uabs
according to the following rule:
tabs = uabs ** k
# or
uabs = tabs ** (1/k)
Glass is a good example: Thin glass looks transparent while thick glass looks darker, because total absorbance = (unit-depth absorbance) ^ depth.
Oil colors are just pigment particles floating in lime oil, so this simple hypothesis worked just fine.
Here's the function used to convert RGB to UABS space:
def submix_power(i):
i = np.array(i)
def BGR2PWR(c):
c = np.clip(c,a_max=1.-1e-6,a_min=1e-6) # no overflow allowed
c = np.power(c,2.2/i)
u = 1. - c
return u # unit absorbance
def PWR2BGR(u):
c = 1. - u
c = np.power(c,i/2.2)
return c # rgb color
def submix(c1,c2,ratio):
uabs1,uabs2 = BGR2PWR(c1),BGR2PWR(c2)
mixuabs = (uabs1 * ratio) + (uabs2*(1-ratio))
return PWR2BGR(mixuabs)
return submix,BGR2PWR,PWR2BGR
where i
is the depth factor k
in the formula above.
however, since pigment particles with the same appearance can have very different spectral absorbance, using 3 numbers for i
will only work for some color combinations. To achive physically correct color, consider the 8-channel color model (read the paper above).
the i
chosen for this project:
def oilpaint_converters():
submix,b2p,p2b = submix_power(f32([13,3,7.]))
return b2p,p2b
So, to mix 2 color images in the UABS space:
from colormixer import oilpaint_converters
b2p,p2b = oilpaint_converters()
image1,image2 = b2p(image1),b2p(image2)
mixed = image1*alpha + image2*alpha
result = p2b(mixed)
Photoshop -> Duplicate Layer -> Filter: Emboss -> clip output into 108...144 -> Layer Mode: Linear Light -> reduce layer Fill a little bit
there you go:
however, this is not the correct way to do it.
you'll need a height map generated by stacking brush patterns. I might add that in the future.
Copyright 2020 Qin Yongliang
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