[release/6.0] Enforce scatter/gather file I/O Windows API requirement…

…s et. al. (#58423)

* Move checking and pinning Windows vectored I/O buffers to a dedicated method.

* Refactor the scatter/gather APIs to use the common checking method.

And use pinned GCHandles and IntPtrs instead of MemoryHandles when passing the segment array to the bottom-most method.

* Shorten the name of the buffer-checking method.

* Directly get the pinned array's address instead of calling GCHandle.AddrOfPinnedObject.

* Refactor the error handling logic in TryPrepareScatterGatherBuffers.

* Allocate the segment array from native memory and at TryPrepareScatterGatherBuffers.

* Cache the page size on a static readonly field and add a couple of TODOs.

* Make the memory handlers readonly structs.

* Add a test.

* Reorder some methods with PR feedback taken into consideration.

* Stop special-casing scatter/gather operations with zero or one buffer.

* Factor the cleaning-up of the segment buffers into a separate method.

* Follow up on Scatter/Gather API changes (#58447)

* Allocate an array of memory handles only if needed.

* Remove an unnecessary variable in the multiple-syscall write gather.

* Actually verify the content read by the read scatter operation.

* Delay allocating native memory.

* Verify that the whole file was read in the scatter/gather test.

* Test the case when the scatter/gather buffers are acceptable by the Windows API.

* Avoid null pointer dereferences when passing an empty segment array.

* Test performing scatter/gather I/O with an empty segment array.

Co-authored-by: Stephen Toub <stoub@microsoft.com>

Co-authored-by: Theodore Tsirpanis <teo.tsirpanis.718@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Theodore Tsirpanis <12659251+teo-tsirpanis@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Stephen Toub <stoub@microsoft.com>

src/libraries/System.IO.FileSystem/tests/RandomAccess/NoBuffering.Windows.cs

@@ -176,5 +176,47 @@ public async Task WriteAsyncUsingMultipleBuffers(bool async)
 
             Assert.Equal(content, File.ReadAllBytes(filePath));
         }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(true)]
+        [InlineData(false)]
+        public async Task ReadWriteAsyncUsingMultipleBuffers(bool memoryPageSized)
+        {
+            string filePath = GetTestFilePath();
+            // We test with buffers both one and two memory pages long. In the former case,
+            // the I/O operations will issue one scatter/gather API call, and in the latter
+            // case they will issue multiple calls; one per buffer. The buffers must still
+            // be aligned to comply with FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING's requirements.
+            int bufferSize = Environment.SystemPageSize * (memoryPageSized ? 1 : 2);
+            int fileSize = bufferSize * 2;
+            byte[] content = RandomNumberGenerator.GetBytes(fileSize);
+
+            using (SafeFileHandle handle = File.OpenHandle(filePath, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.None, FileOptions.Asynchronous | NoBuffering))
+            using (SectorAlignedMemory<byte> buffer = SectorAlignedMemory<byte>.Allocate(fileSize))
+            {
+                Memory<byte> firstHalf = buffer.Memory.Slice(0, bufferSize);
+                Memory<byte> secondHalf = buffer.Memory.Slice(bufferSize);
+
+                content.AsSpan().CopyTo(buffer.GetSpan());
+                await RandomAccess.WriteAsync(handle, new ReadOnlyMemory<byte>[] { firstHalf, secondHalf }, 0);
+
+                buffer.GetSpan().Clear();
+                long nRead = await RandomAccess.ReadAsync(handle, new Memory<byte>[] { firstHalf, secondHalf }, 0);
+
+                Assert.Equal(buffer.GetSpan().Length, nRead);
+                AssertExtensions.SequenceEqual(buffer.GetSpan(), content.AsSpan());
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task ReadWriteAsyncUsingEmptyBuffers()
+        {
+            string filePath = GetTestFilePath();
+            using SafeFileHandle handle = File.OpenHandle(filePath, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.None, FileOptions.Asynchronous | NoBuffering);
+
+            long nRead = await RandomAccess.ReadAsync(handle, Array.Empty<Memory<byte>>(), 0);
+            Assert.Equal(0, nRead);
+            await RandomAccess.WriteAsync(handle, Array.Empty<ReadOnlyMemory<byte>>(), 0);
+        }
     }
 }