GH-4784 switched approach for deadlock prevention (#5001)

* simplify deadlock detection

* switch away from ReentrantLock

* new lock manager with a reentrant lock that supports unlocking from seperate thread

* improved tests

core/sail/api/src/main/java/org/eclipse/rdf4j/common/concurrent/locks/ExclusiveReentrantLockManager.java

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * Copyright (c) 2024 Eclipse RDF4J contributors.
+ *
+ * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
+ * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v1.0
+ * which accompanies this distribution, and is available at
+ * http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+ ******************************************************************************/
+package org.eclipse.rdf4j.common.concurrent.locks;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+import org.eclipse.rdf4j.common.concurrent.locks.diagnostics.LockCleaner;
+import org.eclipse.rdf4j.common.concurrent.locks.diagnostics.LockMonitoring;
+import org.eclipse.rdf4j.common.concurrent.locks.diagnostics.LockTracking;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * A simple reentrant lock that allows other threads to unlock the lock.
+ *
+ * @author Håvard M. Ottestad
+ */
+public class ExclusiveReentrantLockManager {
+
+	private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExclusiveReentrantLockManager.class);
+
+	// the underlying lock object
+	final AtomicLong activeLocks = new AtomicLong();
+	final AtomicReference<Thread> owner = new AtomicReference<>();
+
+	private final int waitToCollect;
+
+	LockMonitoring<ExclusiveReentrantLock> lockMonitoring;
+
+	public ExclusiveReentrantLockManager() {
+		this(false);
+	}
+
+	public ExclusiveReentrantLockManager(boolean trackLocks) {
+		this(trackLocks, LockMonitoring.INITIAL_WAIT_TO_COLLECT);
+	}
+
+	public ExclusiveReentrantLockManager(boolean trackLocks, int collectionFrequency) {
+
+		this.waitToCollect = collectionFrequency;
+
+		if (trackLocks || Properties.lockTrackingEnabled()) {
+
+			lockMonitoring = new LockTracking(
+					true,
+					"ExclusiveReentrantLockManager",
+					LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()),
+					waitToCollect,
+					Lock.ExtendedSupplier.wrap(this::getExclusiveLockInner, this::tryExclusiveLockInner)
+			);
+
+		} else {
+			lockMonitoring = new LockCleaner(
+					false,
+					"ExclusiveReentrantLockManager",
+					LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()),
+					Lock.ExtendedSupplier.wrap(this::getExclusiveLockInner, this::tryExclusiveLockInner)
+			);
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	private Lock tryExclusiveLockInner() {
+
+		synchronized (owner) {
+			if (owner.get() == Thread.currentThread()) {
+				activeLocks.incrementAndGet();
+				return new ExclusiveReentrantLock(owner, activeLocks);
+			}
+
+			if (owner.compareAndSet(null, Thread.currentThread())) {
+				activeLocks.incrementAndGet();
+				return new ExclusiveReentrantLock(owner, activeLocks);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return null;
+
+	}
+
+	private Lock getExclusiveLockInner() throws InterruptedException {
+
+		synchronized (owner) {
+
+			if (lockMonitoring.requiresManualCleanup()) {
+				do {
+					if (Thread.interrupted()) {
+						throw new InterruptedException();
+					}
+					Lock lock = tryExclusiveLockInner();
+					if (lock != null) {
+						return lock;
+					} else {
+						lockMonitoring.runCleanup();
+						owner.wait(waitToCollect);
+					}
+				} while (true);
+			} else {
+				while (true) {
+					if (Thread.interrupted()) {
+						throw new InterruptedException();
+					}
+					Lock lock = tryExclusiveLockInner();
+					if (lock != null) {
+						return lock;
+					} else {
+						owner.wait(waitToCollect);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	public Lock tryExclusiveLock() {
+		return lockMonitoring.tryLock();
+	}
+
+	public Lock getExclusiveLock() throws InterruptedException {
+		return lockMonitoring.getLock();
+	}
+
+	public boolean isActiveLock() {
+		return owner.get() != null;
+	}
+
+	static class ExclusiveReentrantLock implements Lock {
+
+		final AtomicLong activeLocks;
+		final AtomicReference<Thread> owner;
+		private boolean released = false;
+
+		public ExclusiveReentrantLock(AtomicReference<Thread> owner, AtomicLong activeLocks) {
+			this.owner = owner;
+			this.activeLocks = activeLocks;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public boolean isActive() {
+			return !released;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public void release() {
+			if (released) {
+				throw new IllegalStateException("Lock already released");
+			}
+
+			synchronized (owner) {
+				if (owner.get() != Thread.currentThread()) {
+					logger.warn("Releasing lock from different thread, owner: " + owner.get() + ", current: "
+							+ Thread.currentThread());
+				}
+
+				if (activeLocks.decrementAndGet() == 0) {
+					owner.set(null);
+					owner.notifyAll();
+				}
+			}
+
+			released = true;
+
+		}
+	}
+
+}