allow using Request.form() as a context manager (#1903)

Co-authored-by: Marcelo Trylesinski <marcelotryle@gmail.com>

docs/requests.md

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ There are a few different interfaces for returning the body of the request:
 
 The request body as bytes: `await request.body()`
 
-The request body, parsed as form data or multipart: `await request.form()`
+The request body, parsed as form data or multipart: `async with request.form() as form:`
 
 The request body, parsed as JSON: `await request.json()`
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ state with `disconnected = await request.is_disconnected()`.
 
 Request files are normally sent as multipart form data (`multipart/form-data`).
 
-When you call `await request.form()` you receive a `starlette.datastructures.FormData` which is an immutable
+When you call `async with request.form() as form` you receive a `starlette.datastructures.FormData` which is an immutable
 multidict, containing both file uploads and text input. File upload items are represented as instances of `starlette.datastructures.UploadFile`.
 
 `UploadFile` has the following attributes:
@@ -137,9 +137,9 @@ As all these methods are `async` methods, you need to "await" them.
 For example, you can get the file name and the contents with:
 
 ```python
-form = await request.form()
-filename = form["upload_file"].filename
-contents = await form["upload_file"].read()
+async with request.form() as form:
+    filename = form["upload_file"].filename
+    contents = await form["upload_file"].read()
 ```
 
 !!! info

starlette/_utils.py

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 import asyncio
 import functools
+import sys
 import typing
+from types import TracebackType
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 8):  # pragma: no cover
+    from typing_extensions import Protocol
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    from typing import Protocol
 
 
 def is_async_callable(obj: typing.Any) -> bool:
@@ -10,3 +17,58 @@ def is_async_callable(obj: typing.Any) -> bool:
     return asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(obj) or (
         callable(obj) and asyncio.iscoroutinefunction(obj.__call__)
     )
+
+
+T_co = typing.TypeVar("T_co", covariant=True)
+
+
+# TODO: once 3.8 is the minimum supported version (27 Jun 2023)
+# this can just become
+# class AwaitableOrContextManager(
+#     typing.Awaitable[T_co],
+#     typing.AsyncContextManager[T_co],
+#     typing.Protocol[T_co],
+# ):
+#     pass
+class AwaitableOrContextManager(Protocol[T_co]):
+    def __await__(self) -> typing.Generator[typing.Any, None, T_co]:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> T_co:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    async def __aexit__(
+        self,
+        __exc_type: typing.Optional[typing.Type[BaseException]],
+        __exc_value: typing.Optional[BaseException],
+        __traceback: typing.Optional[TracebackType],
+    ) -> typing.Union[bool, None]:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+class SupportsAsyncClose(Protocol):
+    async def close(self) -> None:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+SupportsAsyncCloseType = typing.TypeVar(
+    "SupportsAsyncCloseType", bound=SupportsAsyncClose, covariant=False
+)
+
+
+class AwaitableOrContextManagerWrapper(typing.Generic[SupportsAsyncCloseType]):
+    __slots__ = ("aw", "entered")
+
+    def __init__(self, aw: typing.Awaitable[SupportsAsyncCloseType]) -> None:
+        self.aw = aw
+
+    def __await__(self) -> typing.Generator[typing.Any, None, SupportsAsyncCloseType]:
+        return self.aw.__await__()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self) -> SupportsAsyncCloseType:
+        self.entered = await self.aw
+        return self.entered
+
+    async def __aexit__(self, *args: typing.Any) -> typing.Union[None, bool]:
+        await self.entered.close()
+        return None

starlette/requests.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 import anyio
 
+from starlette._utils import AwaitableOrContextManager, AwaitableOrContextManagerWrapper
 from starlette.datastructures import URL, Address, FormData, Headers, QueryParams, State
 from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException
 from starlette.formparsers import FormParser, MultiPartException, MultiPartParser
@@ -187,6 +188,8 @@ async def empty_send(message: Message) -> typing.NoReturn:
 
 
 class Request(HTTPConnection):
+    _form: typing.Optional[FormData]
+
     def __init__(
         self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive = empty_receive, send: Send = empty_send
     ):
@@ -196,6 +199,7 @@ def __init__(
         self._send = send
         self._stream_consumed = False
         self._is_disconnected = False
+        self._form = None
 
     @property
     def method(self) -> str:
@@ -210,10 +214,8 @@ async def stream(self) -> typing.AsyncGenerator[bytes, None]:
             yield self._body
             yield b""
             return
-
         if self._stream_consumed:
             raise RuntimeError("Stream consumed")
-
         self._stream_consumed = True
         while True:
             message = await self._receive()
@@ -242,8 +244,8 @@ async def json(self) -> typing.Any:
             self._json = json.loads(body)
         return self._json
 
-    async def form(self) -> FormData:
-        if not hasattr(self, "_form"):
+    async def _get_form(self) -> FormData:
+        if self._form is None:
             assert (
                 parse_options_header is not None
             ), "The `python-multipart` library must be installed to use form parsing."
@@ -265,8 +267,11 @@ async def form(self) -> FormData:
                 self._form = FormData()
         return self._form
 
+    def form(self) -> AwaitableOrContextManager[FormData]:
+        return AwaitableOrContextManagerWrapper(self._get_form())
+
     async def close(self) -> None:
-        if hasattr(self, "_form"):
+        if self._form is not None:
             await self._form.close()
 
     async def is_disconnected(self) -> bool:

tests/test_requests.py

@@ -128,6 +128,19 @@ async def app(scope, receive, send):
     assert response.json() == {"form": {"abc": "123 @"}}
 
 
+def test_request_form_context_manager(test_client_factory):
+    async def app(scope, receive, send):
+        request = Request(scope, receive)
+        async with request.form() as form:
+            response = JSONResponse({"form": dict(form)})
+            await response(scope, receive, send)
+
+    client = test_client_factory(app)
+
+    response = client.post("/", data={"abc": "123 @"})
+    assert response.json() == {"form": {"abc": "123 @"}}
+
+
 def test_request_body_then_stream(test_client_factory):
     async def app(scope, receive, send):
         request = Request(scope, receive)