Specialize `formatter` for all `std::basic_string` types #6021

Job	Run time
build (g++-4.8, Debug, 11)	1m 20s
build (g++-4.8, Release, 11)	1m 47s
build (g++-10, Debug, 11)	1m 24s
build (g++-10, Release, 11)	2m 7s
build (clang++-9, Debug, 11)	2m 12s
build (clang++-9, Release, 11)	2m 9s
build (g++-8, Debug, 14, sudo apt install g++-8)	1m 19s
build (g++-8, Debug, 17, sudo apt install g++-8)	1m 26s
build (g++-9, Debug, 17)	2m 6s
build (g++-10, Debug, 17)	1m 34s
build (g++-11, Debug, 20, sudo apt install g++-11)	2m 33s
build (clang++-8, Debug, 17, -stdlib=libc++, sudo apt install clang-8 libc++-8-dev libc++abi-8-dev)	1m 31s
build (clang++-9, Debug, 17, -DFMT_FUZZ=ON -DFMT_FUZZ_LINKMAIN=ON, sudo apt install clang-9)	1m 39s
build (clang++-11, Debug, 20)	1m 57s
build (clang++-11, Debug, 20, -stdlib=libc++, sudo apt install libc++-11-dev libc++abi-11-dev)	1m 41s
	26m 45s

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