FRuIT glossary

We need to establish a shared vocabulary so we can talk about the technical aspects of the project sensibly. Here is a first stab at some terms we might want to standardise. Feel free to add/edit. This glossary is formatted for emacs org-mode.

• behind a NAT

  An NATted entity is on a private network and does not have a globally reachable IP address. This entity can contact the outside world, but other entities cannot initiate contact with this entity.

• configuration

  This happens to individual nodes. A node is configured by a script, which sets up the node's software stack, from the OS up to the application layer. The precise details of the script support are TBC. Configuration will be managed remotely.

• deploy task

  A task is deployed on an provisioned entity of configured nodes

• entity

  Either a node, a micro-cluster or a federation.

• federation

  A set of logically connected nodes and/or micro-clusters, reachable via a single overlay network. A federation is a dynamic construct that is assembled to operate on a compute task, probably using some kind of message passing protocol.

• management

  The management software layer is the core of the FRuIT system. It supports all the user-facing activities i.e. provisioning, configuration, deployment, update and surrender. The management layer is a lightweight dom0 (i.e. not virtualized) daemon that runs on each node of the FRuIT system. It responds to message style requests to perform appropriate on-node actions. (Are these requests SERF style broadcast messages?)

• micro-cluster

  A set of nodes connected on a LAN. At least one node in the micro-cluster is a controller node, with an outside internet connection and responsibility for orchestrating cluster configuration/management. Everything we have built so far (Iridis-Pi, Glasgow PiCloud) is a micro-cluster.

• node

  Probably a single Raspberry Pi board or other single board computer. A node has at least one IP address, probably corresponding to a physical ethernet connection. A node runs a local operating system, most likely a Linux distro. A node has at least one CPU core.

• overlay network

  A virtual connection network, using some protocol (perhaps VPN or some p2p protocol) that is layered on top of a physical network (probably ethernet)

• provisioning

  An end-user requests some number of entities to be allocated, with the intention of deploying a task on them. Parameters for provisioning are to be determined. cf. AWS instance provisioning via a web interface or programmatic API.

• resource sharing

  Using containerization, it should be possible to host multiple tasks on a single node. This idea of multi-tenancy or resource sharing is a key concept in as-a-service computing. We need to decide whether we can give someone 0.5 of a node, or similar. Can we federate at finer granularity than dedicated node-level? How quantized are our entities? So far, all our nodes have been dedicated to a single task --- FRuIT should explore how we can achieve more efficient resource sharing.

• surrender

  An entity that has been provisioned can be surrendered, which means it is no longer required by that user, and may be redeployed. cf. AWS instance termination. Individual nodes may be surrendered one-by-one, which means a user can gradually return a provisioned entity comprising multiple nodes.

• task

  Users want to run tasks on entities. Precise nature of task needs to to be confirmed. Something like a docker container? At the very least, a task must be a packaged executable with associated metadata. Execution of tasks is the main purpose of the FRuIT system we are building. Current tasks on our existing clusters include MPI programs, Hadoop jobs, sensor data collection and forwarding.

• unique features of our project

  • federation is a layer higher than standard datacenters.
  • Some of our entities are not globally reachable.
  • We want to do config/update etc in a p2p manner.
  • we run on lightweight nodes, ideally using renewable energy sources

• update

  Software on a configured node is replaced or upgraded by an update operation. This might befor security or functionality improvements.

• workflow

  As far as the end-user is concerned, the typical interaction sequence with FRuIT is : provision -> configure -> deploy -> update (?) -> surrender. This sequence should be supported/automated by our FRuIT system. Current state of the art for our testbeds is manual provisioning, centralized configuration and deployment, manual update and no surrender (other than power down).