handleMap: track per-handle generation number

We used to hand out a new generation number even
for already-known handles. This does not seem to
cause problems on Linux, but osxfuse throws errors
to userspace with

        osxfuse: vnode changed generation

showing up in the kernel log.

Introduce a per-handle generation number that stays
constant until the handle is forgotten.

Tested on Linux and MacOS via gocryptfs. Add test for handle map
behavior.

Fixes #204
See also #205

fuse/nodefs/handle.go

@@ -35,8 +35,9 @@ type handleMap interface {
 }
 
 type handled struct {
-	handle uint64
-	count  int
+	handle     uint64
+	generation uint64
+	count      int
 }
 
 func (h *handled) verify() {
@@ -75,25 +76,29 @@ func newPortableHandleMap() *portableHandleMap {
 
 func (m *portableHandleMap) Register(obj *handled) (handle, generation uint64) {
 	m.Lock()
-	if obj.count == 0 {
-		if len(m.freeIds) == 0 {
-			handle = uint64(len(m.handles))
-			m.handles = append(m.handles, obj)
-		} else {
-			handle = m.freeIds[len(m.freeIds)-1]
-			m.freeIds = m.freeIds[:len(m.freeIds)-1]
-			m.generation++
-			m.handles[handle] = obj
-		}
-		m.used++
-		obj.handle = handle
+	defer m.Unlock()
+	// Reuse existing handle
+	if obj.count != 0 {
+		obj.count++
+		return obj.handle, obj.generation
+	}
+	// Create a new handle number or recycle one on from the free list
+	if len(m.freeIds) == 0 {
+		obj.handle = uint64(len(m.handles))
+		m.handles = append(m.handles, obj)
 	} else {
-		handle = obj.handle
+		obj.handle = m.freeIds[len(m.freeIds)-1]
+		m.freeIds = m.freeIds[:len(m.freeIds)-1]
+		m.handles[obj.handle] = obj
 	}
+	// Increment generation number to guarantee the (handle, generation) tuple
+	// is unique
+	m.generation++
+	m.used++
+	obj.generation = m.generation
 	obj.count++
-	generation = m.generation
-	m.Unlock()
-	return
+
+	return obj.handle, obj.generation
 }
 
 func (m *portableHandleMap) Handle(obj *handled) (h uint64) {

fuse/nodefs/handle_test.go

@@ -126,3 +126,36 @@ func TestHandleMapGeneration(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("register should increase generation: got %d want greater than %d.", g2, g1)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestHandleMapGenerationKnown(t *testing.T) {
+	hm := newPortableHandleMap()
+
+	o1 := &handled{}
+	h1, g1 := hm.Register(o1)
+
+	o2 := &handled{}
+	h2, _ := hm.Register(o2)
+
+	h3, g3 := hm.Register(o1)
+
+	if h1 != h3 {
+		t.Fatalf("register known should reuse handle: got %d want %d.", h3, h1)
+	}
+	if g1 != g3 {
+		t.Fatalf("register known should reuse generation: got %d want %d.", g3, g1)
+	}
+
+	hm.Forget(h1, 2)
+	hm.Forget(h2, 1)
+
+	h1, g1 = hm.Register(o1)
+	h2, _ = hm.Register(o2)
+	h3, g3 = hm.Register(o1)
+
+	if h1 != h3 {
+		t.Fatalf("register known should reuse handle: got %d want %d.", h3, h1)
+	}
+	if g1 != g3 {
+		t.Fatalf("register known should reuse generation: got %d want %d.", g3, g1)
+	}
+}