Add WebP encoding support

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         rust: ["1.56.1", stable, beta, nightly]
-        features: [gif, jpeg, png, tiff, ico, pnm, tga, webp, bmp, hdr, dxt, dds, farbfeld, openexr, jpeg_rayon, '']
+        features: [gif, jpeg, png, tiff, ico, pnm, tga, webp, bmp, hdr, dxt, dds, farbfeld, openexr, jpeg_rayon, webp-encoder, '']
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
     - uses: actions-rs/toolchain@v1
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        features: [gif, jpeg, png, tiff, ico, pnm, tga, webp, bmp, hdr, dxt, dds, farbfeld, openexr, jpeg_rayon, '']
+        features: [gif, jpeg, png, tiff, ico, pnm, tga, webp, bmp, hdr, dxt, dds, farbfeld, openexr, jpeg_rayon, webp-encoder, '']
 
     # we are using the cross project for cross compilation to mips:
     # https://github.com/cross-rs/cross

Cargo.toml

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ dav1d = { version = "0.6.0", optional = true }
 dcv-color-primitives = { version = "0.4.0", optional = true }
 color_quant = "1.1"
 exr = { version = "1.5.0", optional = true }
+libwebp = { package = "webp", version = "0.2.2", default-features = false, optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 crc32fast = "1.2.0"
@@ -64,14 +65,18 @@ default = ["gif", "jpeg", "ico", "png", "pnm", "tga", "tiff", "webp", "bmp", "hd
 ico = ["bmp", "png"]
 pnm = []
 tga = []
-webp = []
 bmp = []
 hdr = ["scoped_threadpool"]
 dxt = []
 dds = ["dxt"]
 farbfeld = []
 openexr = ["exr"]
 
+# Enables WebP decoder support.
+webp = []
+# Non-default, not included in `webp`. Requires native dependency libwebp.
+webp-encoder = ["libwebp"]
+
 # Enables multi-threading.
 # Requires latest stable Rust.
 jpeg_rayon = ["jpeg/rayon"]

README.md

@@ -26,14 +26,17 @@ All image processing functions provided operate on types that implement the `Gen
 | BMP    | Yes | Rgb8, Rgba8, Gray8, GrayA8 |
 | ICO    | Yes | Yes |
 | TIFF   | Baseline(no fax support) + LZW + PackBits | Rgb8, Rgba8, Gray8 |
-| WebP   | Yes | No |
-| AVIF   | Only 8-bit | Lossy |
+| WebP   | Yes | Rgb8, Rgba8 \* |
+| AVIF   | Only 8-bit \*\* | Lossy |
 | PNM    | PBM, PGM, PPM, standard PAM | Yes |
 | DDS    | DXT1, DXT3, DXT5 | No |
 | TGA    | Yes | Rgb8, Rgba8, Bgr8, Bgra8, Gray8, GrayA8 |
 | OpenEXR  | Rgb32F, Rgba32F (no dwa compression) | Rgb32F, Rgba32F (no dwa compression) |
 | farbfeld | Yes | Yes |
 
+- \* Requires the `webp-encoder` feature, uses the libwebp C library.
+- \*\* Requires the `avif-decoder` feature, uses the libdav1d C library.
+
 ### The [`ImageDecoder`](https://docs.rs/image/*/image/trait.ImageDecoder.html) and [`ImageDecoderRect`](https://docs.rs/image/*/image/trait.ImageDecoderRect.html) Traits
 
 All image format decoders implement the `ImageDecoder` trait which provide

src/codecs/webp/encoder.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+//! Encoding of WebP images.
+///
+/// Uses the simple encoding API from the [libwebp] library.
+///
+/// [libwebp]: https://developers.google.com/speed/webp/docs/api#simple_encoding_api
+use std::io::Write;
+
+use libwebp::{Encoder, PixelLayout, WebPMemory};
+
+use crate::error::{
+    EncodingError, ParameterError, ParameterErrorKind, UnsupportedError, UnsupportedErrorKind,
+};
+use crate::flat::SampleLayout;
+use crate::{ColorType, ImageEncoder, ImageError, ImageFormat, ImageResult};
+
+/// WebP Encoder.
+pub struct WebPEncoder<W> {
+    inner: W,
+    quality: WebPQuality,
+}
+
+/// WebP encoder quality.
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct WebPQuality(Quality);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+enum Quality {
+    Lossless,
+    Lossy(u8),
+}
+
+impl WebPQuality {
+    /// Minimum lossy quality value (0).
+    pub const MIN: u8 = 0;
+    /// Maximum lossy quality value (100).
+    pub const MAX: u8 = 100;
+    /// Default lossy quality (80), providing a balance of quality and file size.
+    pub const DEFAULT: u8 = 80;
+
+    /// Lossless encoding.
+    pub fn lossless() -> Self {
+        Self(Quality::Lossless)
+    }
+
+    /// Lossy encoding. 0 = low quality, small size; 100 = high quality, large size.
+    ///
+    /// Values are clamped from 0 to 100.
+    pub fn lossy(quality: u8) -> Self {
+        Self(Quality::Lossy(quality.clamp(Self::MIN, Self::MAX)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for WebPQuality {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::lossy(WebPQuality::DEFAULT)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Write> WebPEncoder<W> {
+    /// Create a new encoder that writes its output to `w`.
+    ///
+    /// Defaults to lossy encoding, see [`WebPQuality::DEFAULT`].
+    pub fn new(w: W) -> Self {
+        WebPEncoder::new_with_quality(w, WebPQuality::default())
+    }
+
+    /// Create a new encoder with the specified quality, that writes its output to `w`.
+    pub fn new_with_quality(w: W, quality: WebPQuality) -> Self {
+        Self { inner: w, quality }
+    }
+
+    /// Encode image data with the indicated color type.
+    ///
+    /// The encoder requires image data be Rgb8 or Rgba8.
+    pub fn encode(
+        mut self,
+        data: &[u8],
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        color: ColorType,
+    ) -> ImageResult<()> {
+        // TODO: convert color types internally?
+        let layout = match color {
+            ColorType::Rgb8 => PixelLayout::Rgb,
+            ColorType::Rgba8 => PixelLayout::Rgba,
+            _ => {
+                return Err(ImageError::Unsupported(
+                    UnsupportedError::from_format_and_kind(
+                        ImageFormat::WebP.into(),
+                        UnsupportedErrorKind::Color(color.into()),
+                    ),
+                ))
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Validate dimensions upfront to avoid panics.
+        if !SampleLayout::row_major_packed(color.channel_count(), width, height).fits(data.len()) {
+            return Err(ImageError::Parameter(ParameterError::from_kind(
+                ParameterErrorKind::DimensionMismatch,
+            )));
+        }
+
+        // Call the native libwebp library to encode the image.
+        let encoder = Encoder::new(data, layout, width, height);
+        let encoded: WebPMemory = match self.quality.0 {
+            Quality::Lossless => encoder.encode_lossless(),
+            Quality::Lossy(quality) => encoder.encode(quality as f32),
+        };
+
+        // The simple encoding API in libwebp does not return errors.
+        if encoded.is_empty() {
+            return Err(ImageError::Encoding(EncodingError::new(
+                ImageFormat::WebP.into(),
+                "encoding failed, output empty",
+            )));
+        }
+
+        self.inner.write_all(&encoded)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Write> ImageEncoder for WebPEncoder<W> {
+    fn write_image(
+        self,
+        buf: &[u8],
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        color_type: ColorType,
+    ) -> ImageResult<()> {
+        self.encode(buf, width, height, color_type)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::codecs::webp::{WebPEncoder, WebPQuality};
+    use crate::{ColorType, ImageEncoder};
+
+    #[test]
+    fn webp_lossless_deterministic() {
+        // 1x1 8-bit image buffer containing a single red pixel.
+        let rgb: &[u8] = &[255, 0, 0];
+        let rgba: &[u8] = &[255, 0, 0, 128];
+        for (color, img, expected) in [
+            (
+                ColorType::Rgb8,
+                rgb,
+                [
+                    82, 73, 70, 70, 28, 0, 0, 0, 87, 69, 66, 80, 86, 80, 56, 76, 15, 0, 0, 0, 47,
+                    0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 16, 253, 143, 254, 7, 34, 162, 255, 1, 0,
+                ],
+            ),
+            (
+                ColorType::Rgba8,
+                rgba,
+                [
+                    82, 73, 70, 70, 28, 0, 0, 0, 87, 69, 66, 80, 86, 80, 56, 76, 15, 0, 0, 0, 47,
+                    0, 0, 0, 16, 7, 16, 253, 143, 2, 6, 34, 162, 255, 1, 0,
+                ],
+            ),
+        ] {
+            // Encode it into a memory buffer.
+            let mut encoded_img = Vec::new();
+            {
+                let encoder =
+                    WebPEncoder::new_with_quality(&mut encoded_img, WebPQuality::lossless());
+                encoder
+                    .write_image(&img, 1, 1, color)
+                    .expect("image encoding failed");
+            }
+
+            // WebP encoding should be deterministic.
+            assert_eq!(encoded_img, expected);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+    struct MockImage {
+        width: u32,
+        height: u32,
+        color: ColorType,
+        data: Vec<u8>,
+    }
+
+    impl quickcheck::Arbitrary for MockImage {
+        fn arbitrary(g: &mut quickcheck::Gen) -> Self {
+            // Limit to small, non-empty images <= 512x512.
+            let width = u32::arbitrary(g) % 512 + 1;
+            let height = u32::arbitrary(g) % 512 + 1;
+            let (color, stride) = if bool::arbitrary(g) {
+                (ColorType::Rgb8, 3)
+            } else {
+                (ColorType::Rgba8, 4)
+            };
+            let size = width * height * stride;
+            let data: Vec<u8> = (0..size).map(|_| u8::arbitrary(g)).collect();
+            MockImage {
+                width,
+                height,
+                color,
+                data,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    quickcheck! {
+        fn fuzz_webp_valid_image(image: MockImage, quality: u8) -> bool {
+            // Check valid images do not panic.
+            let mut buffer = Vec::<u8>::new();
+            for webp_quality in [WebPQuality::lossless(), WebPQuality::lossy(quality)] {
+                buffer.clear();
+                let encoder = WebPEncoder::new_with_quality(&mut buffer, webp_quality);
+                if !encoder
+                    .write_image(&image.data, image.width, image.height, image.color)
+                    .is_ok() {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            true
+        }
+
+        fn fuzz_webp_no_panic(data: Vec<u8>, width: u8, height: u8, quality: u8) -> bool {
+            // Check random (usually invalid) parameters do not panic.
+            let mut buffer = Vec::<u8>::new();
+            for color in [ColorType::Rgb8, ColorType::Rgba8] {
+                for webp_quality in [WebPQuality::lossless(), WebPQuality::lossy(quality)] {
+                    buffer.clear();
+                    let encoder = WebPEncoder::new_with_quality(&mut buffer, webp_quality);
+                    // Ignore errors.
+                    let _ = encoder
+                        .write_image(&data, width as u32, height as u32, color);
+                }
+            }
+            true
+        }
+    }
+}

src/codecs/webp/mod.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,28 @@
-//! Decoding of WebP Images
+//! Decoding and Encoding of WebP Images
 
+#[cfg(feature = "webp-encoder")]
+pub use self::encoder::{WebPEncoder, WebPQuality};
+
+#[cfg(feature = "webp-encoder")]
+mod encoder;
+
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
 pub use self::decoder::WebPDecoder;
 
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
 mod decoder;
-mod loop_filter;
-mod transform;
-
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
+mod extended;
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
 mod huffman;
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
+mod loop_filter;
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
 mod lossless;
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
 mod lossless_transform;
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
+mod transform;
 
-mod extended;
-
+#[cfg(feature = "webp")]
 pub mod vp8;

src/image.rs

@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ impl ImageFormat {
             ImageFormat::Pnm => true,
             ImageFormat::Farbfeld => true,
             ImageFormat::Avif => true,
-            ImageFormat::WebP => false,
+            ImageFormat::WebP => true,
             ImageFormat::Hdr => false,
             ImageFormat::OpenExr => true,
             ImageFormat::Dds => false,
@@ -302,6 +302,10 @@ pub enum ImageOutputFormat {
     /// An image in AVIF Format
     Avif,
 
+    #[cfg(feature = "webp-encoder")]
+    /// An image in WebP Format.
+    WebP,
+
     /// A value for signalling an error: An unsupported format was requested
     // Note: When TryFrom is stabilized, this value should not be needed, and
     // a TryInto<ImageOutputFormat> should be used instead of an Into<ImageOutputFormat>.
@@ -334,6 +338,8 @@ impl From<ImageFormat> for ImageOutputFormat {
 
             #[cfg(feature = "avif-encoder")]
             ImageFormat::Avif => ImageOutputFormat::Avif,
+            #[cfg(feature = "webp-encoder")]
+            ImageFormat::WebP => ImageOutputFormat::WebP,
 
             f => ImageOutputFormat::Unsupported(format!("{:?}", f)),
         }

src/io/free_functions.rs

@@ -242,6 +242,10 @@ pub(crate) fn write_buffer_impl<W: std::io::Write + Seek>(
         ImageOutputFormat::Avif => {
             avif::AvifEncoder::new(buffered_write).write_image(buf, width, height, color)
         }
+        #[cfg(feature = "webp-encoder")]
+        ImageOutputFormat::WebP => {
+            webp::WebPEncoder::new(buffered_write).write_image(buf, width, height, color)
+        }
 
         image::ImageOutputFormat::Unsupported(msg) => Err(ImageError::Unsupported(
             UnsupportedError::from_format_and_kind(

src/lib.rs

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ pub mod flat;
 /// | BMP    | Yes | Rgb8, Rgba8, Gray8, GrayA8 |
 /// | ICO    | Yes | Yes |
 /// | TIFF   | Baseline(no fax support) + LZW + PackBits | Rgb8, Rgba8, Gray8 |
-/// | WebP   | Yes | No |
+/// | WebP   | Yes | Rgb8, Rgba8 |
 /// | AVIF   | Only 8-bit | Lossy |
 /// | PNM    | PBM, PGM, PPM, standard PAM | Yes |
 /// | DDS    | DXT1, DXT3, DXT5 | No |
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ pub mod codecs {
     pub mod tga;
     #[cfg(feature = "tiff")]
     pub mod tiff;
-    #[cfg(feature = "webp")]
+    #[cfg(any(feature = "webp", feature = "webp-encoder"))]
     pub mod webp;
 }