feat(inputs.smart): Add a "device_type" tag to differentiate disks behind a RAID controller

[Maxi-Mega]

Summary

When multiple disks are standing behind the same controller, we currently cannot tell them apart.
With these changes, an extra tag device_type can be added to help differentiate them.
This tag can be enabled from the config with the tag_with_device_type property, and is disabled by default to preserve backward compatibility.

Sample output of a Dell server with 8 physical disks:

# smartctl --scan
/dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,0 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_00], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,1 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_01], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_02], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,3 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_03], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,4 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_04], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,5 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_05], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_06], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,7 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_07], SCSI device

Checklist

• No AI generated code was used in this PR

Related issues

resolves #4881, #13090

[telegraf-tiger]

Thanks so much for the pull request!
🤝 ✒️ Just a reminder that the CLA has not yet been signed, and we'll need it before merging. Please sign the CLA when you get a chance, then post a comment here saying !signed-cla

[telegraf-tiger]

Download PR build artifacts for linux_amd64.tar.gz, darwin_arm64.tar.gz, and windows_amd64.zip.
Downloads for additional architectures and packages are available below.

☺️ This pull request doesn't significantly change the Telegraf binary size (less than 1%)

📦 Click here to get additional PR build artifacts

Artifact URLs

DEB	RPM	TAR GZ	ZIP
amd64.deb	aarch64.rpm	darwin_amd64.tar.gz	windows_amd64.zip
arm64.deb	armel.rpm	darwin_arm64.tar.gz	windows_arm64.zip
armel.deb	armv6hl.rpm	freebsd_amd64.tar.gz	windows_i386.zip
armhf.deb	i386.rpm	freebsd_armv7.tar.gz
i386.deb	ppc64le.rpm	freebsd_i386.tar.gz
mips.deb	riscv64.rpm	linux_amd64.tar.gz
mipsel.deb	s390x.rpm	linux_arm64.tar.gz
ppc64el.deb	x86_64.rpm	linux_armel.tar.gz
riscv64.deb		linux_armhf.tar.gz
s390x.deb		linux_i386.tar.gz
		linux_mips.tar.gz
		linux_mipsel.tar.gz
		linux_ppc64le.tar.gz
		linux_riscv64.tar.gz
		linux_s390x.tar.gz

[powersj]

Thanks for taking the time to put this together!

[srebhan]

Thanks for the nice improvement @Maxi-Mega!