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feat(gw): support inlined DNSLink names with TLS
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Problem statement and rationale for doing this can be found under
"Option C" at: ipfs/in-web-browsers#169

TLDR is:

`https://dweb.link/ipns/my.v-long.example.com` can be loaded from a
subdomain gateway with a wildcard TLS cert if represented as a single
DNS label: `https://my-v--long-example-com.ipns.dweb.link`
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@lidel @kingwel-xie
lidel authored and kingwel-xie committed Feb 5, 2021
1 parent e75f87d commit d3aee64
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Showing 4 changed files with 218 additions and 41 deletions.
125 changes: 103 additions & 22 deletions core/corehttp/hostname.go
View file
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
if gw.UseSubdomains {
// Yes, redirect if applicable
// Example: dweb.link/ipfs/{cid} → {cid}.ipfs.dweb.link
newURL, err := toSubdomainURL(host, r.URL.Path, r)
newURL, err := toSubdomainURL(host, r.URL.Path, r, coreAPI)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
return
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
// Not a whitelisted path

// Try DNSLink, if it was not explicitly disabled for the hostname
if !gw.NoDNSLink && isDNSLinkRequest(r.Context(), coreAPI, host) {
if !gw.NoDNSLink && isDNSLinkName(r.Context(), coreAPI, host) {
// rewrite path and handle as DNSLink
r.URL.Path = "/ipns/" + stripPort(host) + r.URL.Path
childMux.ServeHTTP(w, withHostnameContext(r, host))
Expand All @@ -139,8 +139,10 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
}

// HTTP Host check: is this one of our subdomain-based "known gateways"?
// Example: {cid}.ipfs.localhost, {cid}.ipfs.dweb.link
if gw, hostname, ns, rootID, ok := knownSubdomainDetails(host, knownGateways); ok {
// IPFS details extracted from the host: {rootID}.{ns}.{gwHostname}
// /ipfs/ example: {cid}.ipfs.localhost:8080, {cid}.ipfs.dweb.link
// /ipns/ example: {libp2p-key}.ipns.localhost:8080, {inlined-dnslink-fqdn}.ipns.dweb.link
if gw, gwHostname, ns, rootID, ok := knownSubdomainDetails(host, knownGateways); ok {
// Looks like we're using a known gateway in subdomain mode.

// Assemble original path prefix.
Expand All @@ -156,14 +158,14 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
// Check if rootID is a valid CID
if rootCID, err := cid.Decode(rootID); err == nil {
// Do we need to redirect root CID to a canonical DNS representation?
dnsCID, err := toDNSPrefix(rootID, rootCID)
dnsCID, err := toDNSLabel(rootID, rootCID)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
if !strings.HasPrefix(r.Host, dnsCID) {
dnsPrefix := "/" + ns + "/" + dnsCID
newURL, err := toSubdomainURL(hostname, dnsPrefix+r.URL.Path, r)
newURL, err := toSubdomainURL(gwHostname, dnsPrefix+r.URL.Path, r, coreAPI)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
return
Expand All @@ -179,7 +181,7 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
// Do we need to fix multicodec in PeerID represented as CIDv1?
if isPeerIDNamespace(ns) {
if rootCID.Type() != cid.Libp2pKey {
newURL, err := toSubdomainURL(hostname, pathPrefix+r.URL.Path, r)
newURL, err := toSubdomainURL(gwHostname, pathPrefix+r.URL.Path, r, coreAPI)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
return
Expand All @@ -191,13 +193,36 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
}
}
}
} else { // rootID is not a CID..

// Check if rootID is a single DNS label with an inlined
// DNSLink FQDN a single DNS label. We support this so
// loading DNSLink names over TLS "just works" on public
// HTTP gateways.
//
// Rationale for doing this can be found under "Option C"
// at: https://github.com/ipfs/in-web-browsers/issues/169
//
// TLDR is:
// https://dweb.link/ipns/my.v-long.example.com
// can be loaded from a subdomain gateway with a wildcard
// TLS cert if represented as a single DNS label:
// https://my-v--long-example-com.ipns.dweb.link
if ns == "ipns" && !strings.Contains(rootID, ".") {
// my-v--long-example-com → my.v-long.example.com
dnslinkFQDN := toDNSLinkFQDN(rootID)
if isDNSLinkName(r.Context(), coreAPI, dnslinkFQDN) {
// update path prefix to use real FQDN with DNSLink
pathPrefix = "/ipns/" + dnslinkFQDN
}
}
}

// Rewrite the path to not use subdomains
r.URL.Path = pathPrefix + r.URL.Path

// Serve path request
childMux.ServeHTTP(w, withHostnameContext(r, hostname))
childMux.ServeHTTP(w, withHostnameContext(r, gwHostname))
return
}
// We don't have a known gateway. Fallback on DNSLink lookup
Expand All @@ -206,7 +231,7 @@ func HostnameOption() ServeOption {
// 1. is wildcard DNSLink enabled (Gateway.NoDNSLink=false)?
// 2. does Host header include a fully qualified domain name (FQDN)?
// 3. does DNSLink record exist in DNS?
if !cfg.Gateway.NoDNSLink && isDNSLinkRequest(r.Context(), coreAPI, host) {
if !cfg.Gateway.NoDNSLink && isDNSLinkName(r.Context(), coreAPI, host) {
// rewrite path and handle as DNSLink
r.URL.Path = "/ipns/" + stripPort(host) + r.URL.Path
childMux.ServeHTTP(w, withHostnameContext(r, host))
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -305,9 +330,10 @@ func isKnownHostname(hostname string, knownGateways gatewayHosts) (gw *config.Ga
}

// Parses Host header and looks for a known gateway matching subdomain host.
// If found, returns GatewaySpec and subdomain components.
// If found, returns GatewaySpec and subdomain components extracted from Host
// header: {rootID}.{ns}.{gwHostname}
// Note: hostname is host + optional port
func knownSubdomainDetails(hostname string, knownGateways gatewayHosts) (gw *config.GatewaySpec, knownHostname, ns, rootID string, ok bool) {
func knownSubdomainDetails(hostname string, knownGateways gatewayHosts) (gw *config.GatewaySpec, gwHostname, ns, rootID string, ok bool) {
labels := strings.Split(hostname, ".")
// Look for FQDN of a known gateway hostname.
// Example: given "dist.ipfs.io.ipns.dweb.link":
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -336,9 +362,8 @@ func knownSubdomainDetails(hostname string, knownGateways gatewayHosts) (gw *con
return nil, "", "", "", false
}

// isDNSLinkRequest returns bool that indicates if request
// should return data from content path listed in DNSLink record (if exists)
func isDNSLinkRequest(ctx context.Context, ipfs iface.CoreAPI, host string) bool {
// isDNSLinkName returns bool if a valid DNS TXT record exist for provided host
func isDNSLinkName(ctx context.Context, ipfs iface.CoreAPI, host string) bool {
fqdn := stripPort(host)
if len(fqdn) == 0 && !isd.IsDomain(fqdn) {
return false
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -368,8 +393,8 @@ func isPeerIDNamespace(ns string) bool {
}
}

// Converts an identifier to DNS-safe representation that fits in 63 characters
func toDNSPrefix(rootID string, rootCID cid.Cid) (prefix string, err error) {
// Converts a CID to DNS-safe representation that fits in 63 characters
func toDNSLabel(rootID string, rootCID cid.Cid) (dnsCID string, err error) {
// Return as-is if things fit
if len(rootID) <= dnsLabelMaxLength {
return rootID, nil
Expand All @@ -388,12 +413,45 @@ func toDNSPrefix(rootID string, rootCID cid.Cid) (prefix string, err error) {
return "", fmt.Errorf("CID incompatible with DNS label length limit of 63: %s", rootID)
}

// Returns true if HTTP request involves TLS certificate.
// See https://github.com/ipfs/in-web-browsers/issues/169 to uderstand how it
// impacts DNSLink websites on public gateways.
func isHTTPSRequest(r *http.Request) bool {
// X-Forwarded-Proto if added by a reverse proxy
// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Forwarded-Proto
xproto := r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-Proto")
// Is request a native TLS (not used atm, but future-proofing)
// or a proxied HTTPS (eg. go-ipfs behind nginx at a public gw)?
return r.URL.Scheme == "https" || xproto == "https"
}

// Converts a FQDN to DNS-safe representation that fits in 63 characters:
// my.v-long.example.com → my-v--long-example-com
func toDNSLinkDNSLabel(fqdn string) (dnsLabel string, err error) {
dnsLabel = strings.ReplaceAll(fqdn, "-", "--")
dnsLabel = strings.ReplaceAll(dnsLabel, ".", "-")
if len(dnsLabel) > dnsLabelMaxLength {
return "", fmt.Errorf("DNSLink representation incompatible with DNS label length limit of 63: %s", dnsLabel)
}
return dnsLabel, nil
}

// Converts a DNS-safe representation of DNSLink FQDN to real FQDN:
// my-v--long-example-com → my.v-long.example.com
func toDNSLinkFQDN(dnsLabel string) (fqdn string) {
fqdn = strings.ReplaceAll(dnsLabel, "--", "@") // @ placeholder is unused in DNS labels
fqdn = strings.ReplaceAll(fqdn, "-", ".")
fqdn = strings.ReplaceAll(fqdn, "@", "-")
return fqdn
}

// Converts a hostname/path to a subdomain-based URL, if applicable.
func toSubdomainURL(hostname, path string, r *http.Request) (redirURL string, err error) {
func toSubdomainURL(hostname, path string, r *http.Request, ipfs iface.CoreAPI) (redirURL string, err error) {
var scheme, ns, rootID, rest string

query := r.URL.RawQuery
parts := strings.SplitN(path, "/", 4)
isHTTPS := isHTTPSRequest(r)
safeRedirectURL := func(in string) (out string, err error) {
safeURI, err := url.ParseRequestURI(in)
if err != nil {
Expand All @@ -402,10 +460,7 @@ func toSubdomainURL(hostname, path string, r *http.Request) (redirURL string, er
return safeURI.String(), nil
}

// Support X-Forwarded-Proto if added by a reverse proxy
// https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Forwarded-Proto
xproto := r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-Proto")
if xproto == "https" {
if isHTTPS {
scheme = "https:"
} else {
scheme = "http:"
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -475,10 +530,36 @@ func toSubdomainURL(hostname, path string, r *http.Request) (redirURL string, er
}
// 2. Make sure CID fits in a DNS label, adjust encoding if needed
// (https://github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs/issues/7318)
rootID, err = toDNSPrefix(rootID, rootCID)
rootID, err = toDNSLabel(rootID, rootCID)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
} else { // rootID is not a CID

// Check if rootID is a FQDN with DNSLink and convert it to TLS-safe
// representation that fits in a single DNS label. We support this so
// loading DNSLink names over TLS "just works" on public HTTP gateways
// that pass 'https' in X-Forwarded-Proto to go-ipfs.
//
// Rationale can be found under "Option C"
// at: https://github.com/ipfs/in-web-browsers/issues/169
//
// TLDR is:
// /ipns/my.v-long.example.com
// can be loaded from a subdomain gateway with a wildcard TLS cert if
// represented as a single DNS label:
// https://my-v--long-example-com.ipns.dweb.link
if isHTTPS && ns == "ipns" && strings.Contains(rootID, ".") {
if isDNSLinkName(r.Context(), ipfs, rootID) {
// my.v-long.example.com → my-v--long-example-com
dnsLabel, err := toDNSLinkDNSLabel(rootID)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
// update path prefix to use real FQDN with DNSLink
rootID = dnsLabel
}
}
}

return safeRedirectURL(fmt.Sprintf(
Expand Down
111 changes: 95 additions & 16 deletions core/corehttp/hostname_test.go
View file
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -2,41 +2,121 @@ package corehttp

import (
"errors"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"testing"

cid "github.com/ipfs/go-cid"
config "github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs-config"
files "github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs-files"
coreapi "github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs/core/coreapi"
path "github.com/ipfs/go-path"
)

func TestToSubdomainURL(t *testing.T) {
r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://request-stub.example.com", nil)
ns := mockNamesys{}
n, err := newNodeWithMockNamesys(ns)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
coreAPI, err := coreapi.NewCoreAPI(n)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
testCID, err := coreAPI.Unixfs().Add(n.Context(), files.NewBytesFile([]byte("fnord")))
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
ns["/ipns/dnslink.long-name.example.com"] = path.FromString(testCID.String())
ns["/ipns/dnslink.too-long.f1siqrebi3vir8sab33hu5vcy008djegvay6atmz91ojesyjs8lx350b7y7i1nvyw2haytfukfyu2f2x4tocdrfa0zgij6p4zpl4u5o.example.com"] = path.FromString(testCID.String())
httpRequest := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8080", nil)
httpsRequest := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "https://https-request-stub.example.com", nil)
httpsProxiedRequest := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://proxied-https-request-stub.example.com", nil)
httpsProxiedRequest.Header.Set("X-Forwarded-Proto", "https")

for _, test := range []struct {
// in:
hostname string
path string
request *http.Request
gwHostname string
path string
// out:
url string
err error
}{
// DNSLink
{"localhost", "/ipns/dnslink.io", "http://dnslink.io.ipns.localhost/", nil},
{httpRequest, "localhost", "/ipns/dnslink.io", "http://dnslink.io.ipns.localhost/", nil},
// Hostname with port
{"localhost:8080", "/ipns/dnslink.io", "http://dnslink.io.ipns.localhost:8080/", nil},
{httpRequest, "localhost:8080", "/ipns/dnslink.io", "http://dnslink.io.ipns.localhost:8080/", nil},
// CIDv0 → CIDv1base32
{"localhost", "/ipfs/QmbCMUZw6JFeZ7Wp9jkzbye3Fzp2GGcPgC3nmeUjfVF87n", "http://bafybeif7a7gdklt6hodwdrmwmxnhksctcuav6lfxlcyfz4khzl3qfmvcgu.ipfs.localhost/", nil},
{httpRequest, "localhost", "/ipfs/QmbCMUZw6JFeZ7Wp9jkzbye3Fzp2GGcPgC3nmeUjfVF87n", "http://bafybeif7a7gdklt6hodwdrmwmxnhksctcuav6lfxlcyfz4khzl3qfmvcgu.ipfs.localhost/", nil},
// CIDv1 with long sha512
{"localhost", "/ipfs/bafkrgqe3ohjcjplc6n4f3fwunlj6upltggn7xqujbsvnvyw764srszz4u4rshq6ztos4chl4plgg4ffyyxnayrtdi5oc4xb2332g645433aeg", "", errors.New("CID incompatible with DNS label length limit of 63: kf1siqrebi3vir8sab33hu5vcy008djegvay6atmz91ojesyjs8lx350b7y7i1nvyw2haytfukfyu2f2x4tocdrfa0zgij6p4zpl4u5oj")},
{httpRequest, "localhost", "/ipfs/bafkrgqe3ohjcjplc6n4f3fwunlj6upltggn7xqujbsvnvyw764srszz4u4rshq6ztos4chl4plgg4ffyyxnayrtdi5oc4xb2332g645433aeg", "", errors.New("CID incompatible with DNS label length limit of 63: kf1siqrebi3vir8sab33hu5vcy008djegvay6atmz91ojesyjs8lx350b7y7i1nvyw2haytfukfyu2f2x4tocdrfa0zgij6p4zpl4u5oj")},
// PeerID as CIDv1 needs to have libp2p-key multicodec
{"localhost", "/ipns/QmY3hE8xgFCjGcz6PHgnvJz5HZi1BaKRfPkn1ghZUcYMjD", "http://k2k4r8n0flx3ra0y5dr8fmyvwbzy3eiztmtq6th694k5a3rznayp3e4o.ipns.localhost/", nil},
{"localhost", "/ipns/bafybeickencdqw37dpz3ha36ewrh4undfjt2do52chtcky4rxkj447qhdm", "http://k2k4r8l9ja7hkzynavdqup76ou46tnvuaqegbd04a4o1mpbsey0meucb.ipns.localhost/", nil},
{httpRequest, "localhost", "/ipns/QmY3hE8xgFCjGcz6PHgnvJz5HZi1BaKRfPkn1ghZUcYMjD", "http://k2k4r8n0flx3ra0y5dr8fmyvwbzy3eiztmtq6th694k5a3rznayp3e4o.ipns.localhost/", nil},
{httpRequest, "localhost", "/ipns/bafybeickencdqw37dpz3ha36ewrh4undfjt2do52chtcky4rxkj447qhdm", "http://k2k4r8l9ja7hkzynavdqup76ou46tnvuaqegbd04a4o1mpbsey0meucb.ipns.localhost/", nil},
// PeerID: ed25519+identity multihash → CIDv1Base36
{"localhost", "/ipns/12D3KooWFB51PRY9BxcXSH6khFXw1BZeszeLDy7C8GciskqCTZn5", "http://k51qzi5uqu5di608geewp3nqkg0bpujoasmka7ftkyxgcm3fh1aroup0gsdrna.ipns.localhost/", nil},
{"sub.localhost", "/ipfs/QmbCMUZw6JFeZ7Wp9jkzbye3Fzp2GGcPgC3nmeUjfVF87n", "http://bafybeif7a7gdklt6hodwdrmwmxnhksctcuav6lfxlcyfz4khzl3qfmvcgu.ipfs.sub.localhost/", nil},
{httpRequest, "localhost", "/ipns/12D3KooWFB51PRY9BxcXSH6khFXw1BZeszeLDy7C8GciskqCTZn5", "http://k51qzi5uqu5di608geewp3nqkg0bpujoasmka7ftkyxgcm3fh1aroup0gsdrna.ipns.localhost/", nil},
{httpRequest, "sub.localhost", "/ipfs/QmbCMUZw6JFeZ7Wp9jkzbye3Fzp2GGcPgC3nmeUjfVF87n", "http://bafybeif7a7gdklt6hodwdrmwmxnhksctcuav6lfxlcyfz4khzl3qfmvcgu.ipfs.sub.localhost/", nil},
// HTTPS requires DNSLink name to fit in a single DNS label – see "Option C" from https://github.com/ipfs/in-web-browsers/issues/169
{httpRequest, "dweb.link", "/ipns/dnslink.long-name.example.com", "http://dnslink.long-name.example.com.ipns.dweb.link/", nil},
{httpsRequest, "dweb.link", "/ipns/dnslink.long-name.example.com", "https://dnslink-long--name-example-com.ipns.dweb.link/", nil},
{httpsProxiedRequest, "dweb.link", "/ipns/dnslink.long-name.example.com", "https://dnslink-long--name-example-com.ipns.dweb.link/", nil},
} {
url, err := toSubdomainURL(test.hostname, test.path, r)
url, err := toSubdomainURL(test.gwHostname, test.path, test.request, coreAPI)
if url != test.url || !equalError(err, test.err) {
t.Errorf("(%s, %s) returned (%s, %v), expected (%s, %v)", test.hostname, test.path, url, err, test.url, test.err)
t.Errorf("(%s, %s) returned (%s, %v), expected (%s, %v)", test.gwHostname, test.path, url, err, test.url, test.err)
}
}
}

func TestToDNSLinkDNSLabel(t *testing.T) {
for _, test := range []struct {
in string
out string
err error
}{
{"dnslink.long-name.example.com", "dnslink-long--name-example-com", nil},
{"dnslink.too-long.f1siqrebi3vir8sab33hu5vcy008djegvay6atmz91ojesyjs8lx350b7y7i1nvyw2haytfukfyu2f2x4tocdrfa0zgij6p4zpl4u5o.example.com", "", errors.New("DNSLink representation incompatible with DNS label length limit of 63: dnslink-too--long-f1siqrebi3vir8sab33hu5vcy008djegvay6atmz91ojesyjs8lx350b7y7i1nvyw2haytfukfyu2f2x4tocdrfa0zgij6p4zpl4u5o-example-com")},
} {
out, err := toDNSLinkDNSLabel(test.in)
if out != test.out || !equalError(err, test.err) {
t.Errorf("(%s) returned (%s, %v), expected (%s, %v)", test.in, out, err, test.out, test.err)
}
}
}

func TestToDNSLinkFQDN(t *testing.T) {
for _, test := range []struct {
in string
out string
}{
{"singlelabel", "singlelabel"},
{"docs-ipfs-io", "docs.ipfs.io"},
{"dnslink-long--name-example-com", "dnslink.long-name.example.com"},
} {
out := toDNSLinkFQDN(test.in)
if out != test.out {
t.Errorf("(%s) returned (%s), expected (%s)", test.in, out, test.out)
}
}
}

func TestIsHTTPSRequest(t *testing.T) {
httpRequest := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8080", nil)
httpsRequest := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "https://https-request-stub.example.com", nil)
httpsProxiedRequest := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://proxied-https-request-stub.example.com", nil)
httpsProxiedRequest.Header.Set("X-Forwarded-Proto", "https")
for _, test := range []struct {
in *http.Request
out bool
}{
{httpRequest, false},
{httpsRequest, true},
{httpsProxiedRequest, true},
} {
out := isHTTPSRequest(test.in)
if out != test.out {
t.Errorf("(%+v): returned %t, expected %t", test.in, out, test.out)
}
}
}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -77,10 +157,9 @@ func TestPortStripping(t *testing.T) {
t.Errorf("(%s): returned '%s', expected '%s'", test.in, out, test.out)
}
}

}

func TestDNSPrefix(t *testing.T) {
func TestToDNSLabel(t *testing.T) {
for _, test := range []struct {
in string
out string
Expand All @@ -96,7 +175,7 @@ func TestDNSPrefix(t *testing.T) {
{"bafkrgqe3ohjcjplc6n4f3fwunlj6upltggn7xqujbsvnvyw764srszz4u4rshq6ztos4chl4plgg4ffyyxnayrtdi5oc4xb2332g645433aeg", "", errors.New("CID incompatible with DNS label length limit of 63: kf1siqrebi3vir8sab33hu5vcy008djegvay6atmz91ojesyjs8lx350b7y7i1nvyw2haytfukfyu2f2x4tocdrfa0zgij6p4zpl4u5oj")},
} {
inCID, _ := cid.Decode(test.in)
out, err := toDNSPrefix(test.in, inCID)
out, err := toDNSLabel(test.in, inCID)
if out != test.out || !equalError(err, test.err) {
t.Errorf("(%s): returned (%s, %v) expected (%s, %v)", test.in, out, err, test.out, test.err)
}
Expand Down
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