[flang][semantics][OpenMP] no privatisation of stmt functions

OpenMP prohibits privatisation of variables that appear in expressions
for statement functions.

This is a re-working of an old patch https://reviews.llvm.org/D93213 by
@praveen-g-ctt.

The old patch couldn't be landed because of ordering concerns. Statement
functions are rewritten during parse tree rewriting, but this was done
after resolve-directives and so some array expressions were incorrectly
identified as statement functions. For this reason **I have opted to
re-order the semantics driver so that resolve-directives is run after
parse tree rewriting**.

Closes #54677

Co-authored-by: Praveen <praveen@compilertree.com>

flang/lib/Semantics/resolve-directives.cpp

@@ -2750,6 +2750,14 @@ void OmpAttributeVisitor::CheckObjectInNamelistOrAssociate(
         "Variable '%s' in ASSOCIATE cannot be in a %s clause"_err_en_US,
         name.ToString(), clauseName.str());
   }
+
+  if (stmtFunctionExprSymbols_.find(ultimateSymbol) !=
+      stmtFunctionExprSymbols_.end()) {
+    context_.Say(name.source,
+        "Variable '%s' in STATEMENT FUNCTION expression cannot be in a "
+        "%s clause"_err_en_US,
+        name.ToString(), clauseName.str());
+  }
 }
 
 void OmpAttributeVisitor::CheckSourceLabel(const parser::Label &label) {

flang/lib/Semantics/semantics.cpp

@@ -642,8 +642,8 @@ bool Semantics::Perform() {
       CanonicalizeAcc(context_.messages(), program_) &&
       CanonicalizeOmp(context_.messages(), program_) &&
       CanonicalizeCUDA(program_) &&
-      CanonicalizeDirectives(context_.messages(), program_) &&
       PerformStatementSemantics(context_, program_) &&
+      CanonicalizeDirectives(context_.messages(), program_) &&
       ModFileWriter{context_}
           .set_hermeticModuleFileOutput(hermeticModuleFileOutput_)
           .WriteAll();

flang/test/Semantics/OpenMP/private03.f90

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+! RUN: %python %S/../test_errors.py %s %flang -fopenmp
+! OpenMP Version 4.5
+! Variables that appear in expressions for statement function definitions
+! may not appear in private, firstprivate or lastprivate clauses.
+
+subroutine stmt_function(temp)
+
+  integer :: i, p, q, r
+  real :: c, f, s, v, t(10)
+  real, intent(in) :: temp
+
+  c(temp) = p * (temp - q) / r
+  f(temp) = q + (temp * r/p)
+  v(temp) = c(temp) + f(temp)/2 - s
+
+  p = 5
+  q = 32
+  r = 9
+
+  !ERROR: Variable 'p' in STATEMENT FUNCTION expression cannot be in a PRIVATE clause
+  !$omp parallel private(p)
+  s = c(temp)
+  !$omp end parallel
+
+  !ERROR: Variable 's' in STATEMENT FUNCTION expression cannot be in a FIRSTPRIVATE clause
+  !$omp parallel firstprivate(s)
+  s = s + f(temp)
+  !$omp end parallel
+
+  !ERROR: Variable 's' in STATEMENT FUNCTION expression cannot be in a LASTPRIVATE clause
+  !$omp parallel do lastprivate(s, t)
+  do i = 1, 10
+  t(i) = v(temp) + i - s
+  end do
+  !$omp end parallel do
+
+  print *, t
+
+end subroutine stmt_function