[Feat] Drop Python 3.8 and add Python 3.13 support to Vizro

[antonymilne]

Description

1. Drop Python 3.8 and add Python 3.13 for Vizro.
2. Vizro-AI already had Python >= 3.9 so no need to drop anything there. It's not possible to add support for Python 3.13 yet due to Python 3.13 support huggingface/tokenizers#1639 and possibly others. @lingyielia please could you make a ticket to check this again in a few weeks/months and try to add Python 3.13 support?
3. Add various new tools to ruff, especially pyupgrade which has helped to update our codebase to Python 3.9+.
   • The biggest difference this made is that PEP 585 means you no longer need to do the ugly from typing import List, Dict, ... - you can just use the builtin list etc. 🎉
   • Unfortunately we can't yet implement PEP 604 even with from __future__ import annotations because of pydantic. So we still need to do the ugly Union and Optional. When we drop Python 3.9 in a year's time this will go
4. Bump lower bound of pydantic to 1.10.16 and changed lower bounds environment to use Python 3.9
5. Bump our "standard" version for CI from Python 3.11 to 3.12
6. There's no discrepancy for hatch run schema depending on Python version now so we can finally tidy up that job to not depend on a specific version.
7. Speed up the vizro-core checks CI by not running pre-commit hooks after hatch run schema-check any more

TODO:

• Update Github required jobs to add Python 3.9 lower bounds and 3.13
• Update vizro-qa

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[huong-li-nguyen]

LGTM 👍 Just one minor question

[petar-qb]

This looks really good.

[maxschulz-COL]

LGTM!

[stichbury]

LGTM, no docs observations