enhancement(docs): Add user guide (apache#432)

docs/requirements.txt

@@ -19,4 +19,6 @@ sphinx==5.3.0
 pydata-sphinx-theme==0.8.0
 myst-parser
 maturin
-jinja2
+jinja2
+ipython
+pandas

docs/source/api.rst

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ API Reference
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 2
 
-   api/config
    api/dataframe
    api/execution_context
    api/expression

docs/source/conf.py

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
     "sphinx.ext.viewcode",
     "sphinx.ext.napoleon",
     "myst_parser",
+    "IPython.sphinxext.ipython_directive",
 ]
 
 source_suffix = {

docs/source/contributor-guide/introduction.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+.. Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+.. or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+.. distributed with this work for additional information
+.. regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+.. to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+.. "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+.. with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+..   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+.. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+.. software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+.. "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+.. KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+.. specific language governing permissions and limitations
+.. under the License.
+
+Introduction
+============
+We welcome and encourage contributions of all kinds, such as:
+
+1. Tickets with issue reports of feature requests
+2. Documentation improvements
+3. Code, both PR and (especially) PR Review.
+
+In addition to submitting new PRs, we have a healthy tradition of community members reviewing each other’s PRs.
+Doing so is a great way to help the community as well as get more familiar with Rust and the relevant codebases.
+
+How to develop
+--------------
+
+This assumes that you have rust and cargo installed. We use the workflow recommended by `pyo3 <https://github.com/PyO3/pyo3>`_ and `maturin <https://github.com/PyO3/maturin>`_.
+
+Bootstrap:
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+    # fetch this repo
+    git clone git@github.com:apache/arrow-datafusion-python.git
+    # prepare development environment (used to build wheel / install in development)
+    python3 -m venv venv
+    # activate the venv
+    source venv/bin/activate
+    # update pip itself if necessary
+    python -m pip install -U pip
+    # install dependencies (for Python 3.8+)
+    python -m pip install -r requirements-310.txt
+
+The tests rely on test data in git submodules.
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+    git submodule init
+    git submodule update
+
+
+Whenever rust code changes (your changes or via `git pull`):
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+   # make sure you activate the venv using "source venv/bin/activate" first
+   maturin develop
+   python -m pytest
+
+
+Update Dependencies
+-------------------
+
+To change test dependencies, change the `requirements.in` and run
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+    # install pip-tools (this can be done only once), also consider running in venv
+    python -m pip install pip-tools
+    python -m piptools compile --generate-hashes -o requirements-310.txt
+
+
+To update dependencies, run with `-U`
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+   python -m piptools compile -U --generate-hashes -o requirements-310.txt
+
+
+More details about pip-tools `here <https://github.com/jazzband/pip-tools>`_