This repository contains code and data needed to reproduce the article:
Downie A. T., Wu N. C., Cramp R. L., & Franklin C. E. (2023) Sub-lethal consequences of ultraviolet radiation exposure on vertebrates: synthesis through meta-analysis, 29, 6620-6634. DOI:
Raw data
Vertebrate_UV_MetaAnalysis_FINAL.csv- Raw data used for the analysis.
Analysis workflow
supplementary_information.html- Supplementary information which contains the R workflow for processing and analysing the raw data, creating figures, and supplementary material for statistical outcomes, additional figures, and descriptions from the main document.
Files
56461_UVB3_Mean_UV-B_of_Highest_Month.asc- The glUV data for the mean UV-B irradiation of the highest month (https://www.ufz.de/gluv/)- ne_50m_land - Shape file used to create Figure 1.
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun is a natural daytime stressor for vertebrates in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. UVR effects on the physiology of vertebrates manifest at the cellular level, but have bottom-up effects at the tissue level and on whole-animal performance and behaviours. Climate change and habitat loss (i.e. loss of shelter from UVR) could interact with and exacerbate the genotoxic and cytotoxic impacts of UVR on vertebrates. Therefore, it is important to understand the range and magnitude of effects that UVR can have on a diversity of physiological metrics, and how these may be shaped by taxa, life stage or geographical range in the major vertebrate groups. Using a meta-analytical approach, we used 895 observations from 47 different vertebrate species (fish, amphibian, reptile and bird), and 51 physiological metrics (i.e. cellular, tissue and whole-animal metrics), across 73 independent studies, to elucidate the general patterns of UVR effects on vertebrate physiology. We found that while UVR's impacts on vertebrates are generally negative, fish and amphibians were the most susceptible taxa, adult and larvae were the most susceptible life stages, and animals inhabiting temperate and tropical latitudes were the most susceptible to UVR stress. This information is critical to further our understanding of the adaptive capacity of vulnerable taxon to UVR stress, and the wide-spread sublethal physiological effects of UVR on vertebrates, such as DNA damage and cellular stress, which may translate up to impaired growth and locomotor performance. These impairments to individual fitness highlighted by our study may potentially cause disruptions at the ecosystem scale, especially if the effects of this pervasive diurnal stressor are exacerbated by climate change and reduced refuge due to habitat loss and degradation. Therefore, conservation of habitats that provide refuge to UVR stress will be critical to mitigate stress from this pervasive daytime stressor.
Keywords: climate change, ozone loss, ecophysiology, habitat loss, habitat range shifts, stress, environmental degradation
This repository is provided by the authors under the MIT License (MIT).