feat: add mutating FunctionDefinition functions (#5685)

# Description

## Problem

Part of #5668

## Summary

## Additional Context

I think we are missing a `FunctionDefinition::body`, but that could come
later.

I had to get a `FuncMeta` many times in some functions because Rust
wouldn't let me get two mutable borrows of interner.

Generics handling is missing... but I think right now generics can't
appear in these functions, as attributes only run on top-level
functions, not on impl or trait impl functions, but let me know if this
is not the case.

## Documentation\*

Check one:
- [x] No documentation needed.
- [ ] Documentation included in this PR.
- [ ] **[For Experimental Features]** Documentation to be submitted in a
separate PR.

# PR Checklist\*

- [x] I have tested the changes locally.
- [x] I have formatted the changes with [Prettier](https://prettier.io/)
and/or `cargo fmt` on default settings.

compiler/noirc_frontend/src/elaborator/patterns.rs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ impl<'context> Elaborator<'context> {
 
     /// Equivalent to `elaborate_pattern`, this version just also
     /// adds any new DefinitionIds that were created to the given Vec.
-    pub(super) fn elaborate_pattern_and_store_ids(
+    pub fn elaborate_pattern_and_store_ids(
         &mut self,
         pattern: Pattern,
         expected_type: Type,

compiler/noirc_frontend/src/hir/comptime/errors.rs

@@ -185,6 +185,9 @@ pub enum InterpreterError {
     FailedToResolveTraitDefinition {
         location: Location,
     },
+    FunctionAlreadyResolved {
+        location: Location,
+    },
 
     Unimplemented {
         item: String,
@@ -255,6 +258,7 @@ impl InterpreterError {
             | InterpreterError::TraitDefinitionMustBeAPath { location }
             | InterpreterError::FailedToResolveTraitDefinition { location }
             | InterpreterError::FailedToResolveTraitBound { location, .. } => *location,
+            InterpreterError::FunctionAlreadyResolved { location, .. } => *location,
 
             InterpreterError::FailedToParseMacro { error, file, .. } => {
                 Location::new(error.span(), *file)
@@ -516,6 +520,13 @@ impl<'a> From<&'a InterpreterError> for CustomDiagnostic {
                 let msg = "Failed to resolve to a trait definition".to_string();
                 CustomDiagnostic::simple_error(msg, String::new(), location.span)
             }
+            InterpreterError::FunctionAlreadyResolved { location } => {
+                let msg = "Function already resolved".to_string();
+                let secondary =
+                    "The function was previously called at compile-time or is in another crate"
+                        .to_string();
+                CustomDiagnostic::simple_error(msg, secondary, location.span)
+            }
         }
     }
 }