fix: Fix occurs check (#5535)

# Description

## Problem\*

## Summary\*

Fixes two issues:
1. Our `occurs` check did not check the type variable ids at each step.
So if the same type variable is in the middle of several bindings, we
could miss it and bind anyway, creating a cycle.
2. `force_bind` should still do an `occurs` check

## Additional Context

## Documentation\*

Check one:
- [x] No documentation needed.
- [ ] Documentation included in this PR.
- [ ] **[For Experimental Features]** Documentation to be submitted in a
separate PR.

# PR Checklist\*

- [x] I have tested the changes locally.
- [x] I have formatted the changes with [Prettier](https://prettier.io/)
and/or `cargo fmt` on default settings.

compiler/noirc_frontend/src/hir_def/types.rs

@@ -519,7 +519,9 @@ impl TypeVariable {
     /// variable is already bound to a different type. This generally
     /// a logic error to use outside of monomorphization.
     pub fn force_bind(&self, typ: Type) {
-        *self.1.borrow_mut() = TypeBinding::Bound(typ);
+        if !typ.occurs(self.id()) {
+            *self.1.borrow_mut() = TypeBinding::Bound(typ);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -1924,9 +1926,11 @@ impl Type {
                 generic_args.iter().any(|arg| arg.occurs(target_id))
             }
             Type::Tuple(fields) => fields.iter().any(|field| field.occurs(target_id)),
-            Type::NamedGeneric(binding, _, _) | Type::TypeVariable(binding, _) => {
-                match &*binding.borrow() {
-                    TypeBinding::Bound(binding) => binding.occurs(target_id),
+            Type::NamedGeneric(type_var, _, _) | Type::TypeVariable(type_var, _) => {
+                match &*type_var.borrow() {
+                    TypeBinding::Bound(binding) => {
+                        type_var.id() == target_id || binding.occurs(target_id)
+                    }
                     TypeBinding::Unbound(id) => *id == target_id,
                 }
             }