[Resources.OperatingSystem] Implement additional osdetector attributes

[ysolomchenko]

Fixes #1957

Changes

Implement additional Operating System Detector attributes
https://github.com/open-telemetry/semantic-conventions/blob/main/docs/resource/os.md

The data detected by our detector comes from the same sources as those used by the opentelemetry-go detector.

Merge requirement checklist

• CONTRIBUTING guidelines followed (license requirements, nullable enabled, static analysis, etc.)
• Unit tests added/updated
• Appropriate CHANGELOG.md files updated for non-trivial changes
• Changes in public API reviewed (if applicable)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 79.66102% with 24 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 80.00%. Comparing base (71655ce) to head (50f5935).
Report is 395 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...sources.OperatingSystem/OperatingSystemDetector.cs	84.25%	17 Missing ⚠️
...atingSystem/OperatingSystemResourcesEventSource.cs	30.00%	7 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1983      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   73.91%   80.00%   +6.08%     
==========================================
  Files         267        3     -264     
  Lines        9615      130    -9485     
==========================================
- Hits         7107      104    -7003     
+ Misses       2508       26    -2482     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests-Resources.OperatingSystem	80.00% <79.66%> (?)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
...atingSystem/OperatingSystemResourcesEventSource.cs	30.00% <30.00%> (ø)
...sources.OperatingSystem/OperatingSystemDetector.cs	83.89% <84.25%> (ø)

... and 268 files with indirect coverage changes

[ysolomchenko]

The Docker image doesn’t include an OS build ID, which is causing test errors. We need to find a way to track or include build IDs to resolve this issue.