[Logs] Support dependency injection in ResourceBuilder and load envvars from IConfiguration

[CodeBlanch]

Relates to #3782

Changes

#3782 added support in Tracing & Metrics but didn't address Logging. This PR fixes that so everything is nice and consistent.

TODOs

• Appropriate CHANGELOG.md updated for non-trivial changes

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #3889 (ec419f6) into main (b5e50b2) will increase coverage by 0.08%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3889      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   87.31%   87.39%   +0.08%     
==========================================
  Files         279      279              
  Lines       10774    10782       +8     
==========================================
+ Hits         9407     9423      +16     
+ Misses       1367     1359       -8     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
.../OpenTelemetry/Logs/OpenTelemetryLoggerProvider.cs	91.75% <100.00%> (-1.66%)	⬇️
...enTelemetry/Logs/OpenTelemetryLoggingExtensions.cs	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...nTelemetry/Internal/OpenTelemetrySdkEventSource.cs	82.53% <0.00%> (+2.38%)	⬆️
...Listener/Internal/PrometheusExporterEventSource.cs	66.66% <0.00%> (+5.55%)	⬆️
...lemetry/Internal/SelfDiagnosticsConfigRefresher.cs	92.30% <0.00%> (+5.76%)	⬆️