Dockerfile improvements

[niccoloraspa]

Closes:

• [Story][Dockerfile Improvements] Minimize The Number of Layers Needed to Be Rebuilt #1680
• [Story][Dockerfile Improvements] Reduce image build times #1682
• [Story][Dockerfile Improvements] Reduce size and improve compatibility #1681

What is the purpose of the change

This PR improves our Dockerfile by:

• Populating the .dockerignore with more folders.
• Reducing the number of layers
• Fixing a bug: $WASMVM was hardcoded for the checksum

Now builds are significantly faster due to better use of layer caching and previous work by @ValarDragon on the go build go mod download cache.

I have also added the relevant commands in the Makefile:

• make docker-build builds local docker image using the default distroless runner image
• make docker-build-distroless same as above
• make docker-build-alpine builds local docker image using the alpine runner image
• make docker-build-nonroot builds local docker image using the distroless-nonroot runner image

Brief Changelog

• Reduce the number of layers in Dockerfile
• Extend .dockerignore

Testing and Verifying

1. Build image:

docker build -t osmosis:local .

2. Run image:

docker run -ti osmosis:local version

You should see an empty line as output because there is no version set.
To set a version:

docker build \
  --build-arg GIT_VERSION="my-version" \
  --build-arg GIT_COMMIT="my-commit" \
  -t osmosis:local 
  . 

To get the correct values programmatically:

VERSION=$(echo $(shell git describe --tags) | sed 's/^v//')
COMMIT= $(git log -1 --format='%H')

docker build \
  --build-arg GIT_VERSION=$VERSION \
  --build-arg GIT_COMMIT=$COMMIT \
  -t osmosis:local 
  . 

The --build-arg shouldn't be needed for building an image for testing purposes.

Here I'm trying to be more verbose in explaining the internals

or more simply:

1. Build:

make docker-build

2. Run:

docker run -ti osmosis:local version

Documentation and Release Note

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature or user-facing behavior changes? no
• Is a relevant changelog entry added to the Unreleased section in CHANGELOG.md? no
• How is the feature or change documented? not applicable

[niccoloraspa]

Only issue missing in epic #1646 is #1683

[p0mvn]

Great work. Thank you @niccoloraspa . LGTM once comments are addressed

[p0mvn]

Does docker-build-debug need to be updated?

[niccoloraspa]

Yes, but not because of these changes.
There is no longer a "debug" osmosis image.

I have opened this issue to remove it: #2853