Additional FreeRTOS samples and limitations.

LIMITATION.md

@@ -4,14 +4,16 @@ When using pico-vfs, there are several limitations and behavior specifics that u
 
 ## File System Limitations
 
-1. **Max File Size for FAT**: The maximum single file size of a FAT file system depends on the capacity of the storage medium. Check the size of the SD card used and the type of FAT (FAT16/32/ExFat) automatically assigned.
+1. **Multiple Open Instances**: The current implementations of littlefs and FatFs do not support opening the same file multiple times simultaneously[^1][^2]. This limitation can affect scenarios where multiple accesses to the same file are required concurrently.
 
-2. **Multiple Open Instances**: The current implementations of littlefs and FatFs do not support opening the same file multiple times simultaneously[^1][^2]. This limitation can affect scenarios where multiple accesses to the same file are required concurrently.
+2. **Access to on-board flash from `core1`**: When operating file systems using the onboard flash block device on `core1`, it is necessary to run the operations from RAM[^3].
 
-3. **`core1` Usage with Onboard Flash Block Device**: When operating file systems using the onboard flash block device on `core1`, it is necessary to run the operations from RAM[^3].
+3. **Access on-board flash in FreeRTOS**: To access the flash device, the firmware must be stored in RAM or run with `#define configNUMBER_OF_CORES 1`.
 
 4. **Memory maped IO**: `mmap` system call not supported.
 
+5. **Max File Size for FAT**: The maximum single file size of a FAT file system depends on the capacity of the storage medium. Check the size of the SD card used and the type of FAT (FAT16/32/ExFat) automatically assigned.
+
 We recommend reviewing these limitations before designing systems that heavily rely on multicore operations or require high file access availability.
 
 ## References

examples/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -24,3 +24,9 @@ if (PICO_CYW43_SUPPORTED)
         endif()
     endif()
 endif()
+
+if (NOT DEFINED ENV{FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH} AND (NOT FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH))
+    message("Skipping FreeRTOS Benchmark example as support is not available")
+else()
+    add_subdirectory(freertos_benchmark EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
+endif()

examples/freertos_benchmark/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+include(FreeRTOS_Kernel_import.cmake)
+
+add_executable(freertos_benchmark main.c fs_init.c)
+target_compile_options(freertos_benchmark PRIVATE -Os)
+target_include_directories(freertos_benchmark PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR})
+target_link_libraries(freertos_benchmark PRIVATE
+  FreeRTOS-Kernel
+  FreeRTOS-Kernel-Heap1
+  pico_stdlib
+  blockdevice_sd
+  blockdevice_flash
+  filesystem_fat
+  filesystem_littlefs
+  filesystem_vfs
+)
+target_link_options(freertos_benchmark PRIVATE -Wl,--print-memory-usage)
+
+#pico_set_binary_type(freertos_benchmark no_flash)
+pico_enable_stdio_usb(freertos_benchmark 1)
+pico_add_extra_outputs(freertos_benchmark)

examples/freertos_benchmark/FreeRTOSConfig.h

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#ifndef FREERTOS_CONFIG_H
+#define FREERTOS_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Scheduler Related */
+#define configUSE_PREEMPTION                    1
+#define configUSE_TICKLESS_IDLE                 0
+#define configUSE_IDLE_HOOK                     0
+#define configUSE_TICK_HOOK                     0
+#define configTICK_RATE_HZ                      ( ( TickType_t ) 1000 )
+#define configMAX_PRIORITIES                    32
+#define configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE                ( configSTACK_DEPTH_TYPE ) 256
+#define configUSE_16_BIT_TICKS                  0
+
+#define configIDLE_SHOULD_YIELD                 1
+
+/* Synchronization Related */
+#define configUSE_MUTEXES                       1
+#define configUSE_RECURSIVE_MUTEXES             1
+#define configUSE_APPLICATION_TASK_TAG          0
+#define configUSE_COUNTING_SEMAPHORES           1
+#define configQUEUE_REGISTRY_SIZE               8
+#define configUSE_QUEUE_SETS                    1
+#define configUSE_TIME_SLICING                  1
+#define configUSE_NEWLIB_REENTRANT              1
+#define configENABLE_BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY     0
+#define configNUM_THREAD_LOCAL_STORAGE_POINTERS 5
+
+/* System */
+#define configSTACK_DEPTH_TYPE                  uint32_t
+#define configMESSAGE_BUFFER_LENGTH_TYPE        size_t
+
+/* Memory allocation related definitions. */
+#define configSUPPORT_STATIC_ALLOCATION         0
+#define configSUPPORT_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION        1
+#define configTOTAL_HEAP_SIZE                   (30*1024)
+#define configAPPLICATION_ALLOCATED_HEAP        0
+
+/* Hook function related definitions. */
+#define configCHECK_FOR_STACK_OVERFLOW          0
+#define configUSE_MALLOC_FAILED_HOOK            0
+#define configUSE_DAEMON_TASK_STARTUP_HOOK      0
+
+/* Run time and task stats gathering related definitions. */
+#define configGENERATE_RUN_TIME_STATS           0
+#define configUSE_TRACE_FACILITY                1
+#define configUSE_STATS_FORMATTING_FUNCTIONS    0
+
+/* Co-routine related definitions. */
+#define configUSE_CO_ROUTINES                   0
+#define configMAX_CO_ROUTINE_PRIORITIES         1
+
+/* Software timer related definitions. */
+#define configUSE_TIMERS                        1
+#define configTIMER_TASK_PRIORITY               ( configMAX_PRIORITIES - 1 )
+#define configTIMER_QUEUE_LENGTH                10
+#define configTIMER_TASK_STACK_DEPTH            1024
+
+/* SMP port only */
+#define configNUMBER_OF_CORES                   1
+#define configTICK_CORE                         1
+#define configRUN_MULTIPLE_PRIORITIES           1
+#define configUSE_CORE_AFFINITY                 0
+#define configUSE_PASSIVE_IDLE_HOOK 0
+
+/* RP2040 specific */
+#define configSUPPORT_PICO_SYNC_INTEROP         1
+#define configSUPPORT_PICO_TIME_INTEROP         1
+
+#include <assert.h>
+/* Define to trap errors during development. */
+#define configASSERT(x)                         assert(x)
+
+/* Set the following definitions to 1 to include the API function, or zero
+to exclude the API function. */
+#define INCLUDE_vTaskPrioritySet                1
+#define INCLUDE_uxTaskPriorityGet               1
+#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelete                     1
+#define INCLUDE_vTaskSuspend                    1
+#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelayUntil                 1
+#define INCLUDE_vTaskDelay                      1
+#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetSchedulerState          1
+#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetCurrentTaskHandle       1
+#define INCLUDE_uxTaskGetStackHighWaterMark     1
+#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetIdleTaskHandle          1
+#define INCLUDE_eTaskGetState                   1
+#define INCLUDE_xTimerPendFunctionCall          1
+#define INCLUDE_xTaskAbortDelay                 1
+#define INCLUDE_xTaskGetHandle                  1
+#define INCLUDE_xTaskResumeFromISR              1
+#define INCLUDE_xQueueGetMutexHolder            1
+
+#endif /* FREERTOS_CONFIG_H */

examples/freertos_benchmark/FreeRTOS_Kernel_import.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# This is a copy of <FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH>/portable/ThirdParty/GCC/RP2040/FREERTOS_KERNEL_import.cmake
+
+# This can be dropped into an external project to help locate the FreeRTOS kernel
+# It should be include()ed prior to project(). Alternatively this file may
+# or the CMakeLists.txt in this directory may be included or added via add_subdirectory
+# respectively.
+
+if (DEFINED ENV{FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH} AND (NOT FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH))
+    set(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH $ENV{FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH})
+    message("Using FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH from environment ('${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}')")
+endif ()
+
+set(FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_RELATIVE_PATH "portable/ThirdParty/GCC/RP2040")
+# undo the above
+set(FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_BACK_PATH "../../../..")
+
+if (NOT FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH)
+    # check if we are inside the FreeRTOS kernel tree (i.e. this file has been included directly)
+    get_filename_component(_ACTUAL_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR} REALPATH)
+    get_filename_component(_POSSIBLE_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_BACK_PATH}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_RELATIVE_PATH} REALPATH)
+    if (_ACTUAL_PATH STREQUAL _POSSIBLE_PATH)
+        get_filename_component(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_BACK_PATH} REALPATH)
+    endif()
+    if (_ACTUAL_PATH STREQUAL _POSSIBLE_PATH)
+        get_filename_component(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_BACK_PATH} REALPATH)
+        message("Setting FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH to ${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH} based on location of FreeRTOS-Kernel-import.cmake")
+    elseif (PICO_SDK_PATH AND EXISTS "${PICO_SDK_PATH}/../FreeRTOS-Kernel")
+        set(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH ${PICO_SDK_PATH}/../FreeRTOS-Kernel)
+        message("Defaulting FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH as sibling of PICO_SDK_PATH: ${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}")
+    endif()
+endif ()
+
+if (NOT FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH)
+    foreach(POSSIBLE_SUFFIX Source FreeRTOS-Kernel FreeRTOS/Source)
+        # check if FreeRTOS-Kernel exists under directory that included us
+        set(SEARCH_ROOT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+        get_filename_component(_POSSIBLE_PATH ${SEARCH_ROOT}/${POSSIBLE_SUFFIX} REALPATH)
+        if (EXISTS ${_POSSIBLE_PATH}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_RELATIVE_PATH}/CMakeLists.txt)
+            get_filename_component(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH ${_POSSIBLE_PATH} REALPATH)
+            message("Setting FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH to '${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}' found relative to enclosing project")
+            break()
+        endif()
+    endforeach()
+endif()
+
+if (NOT FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH)
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "FreeRTOS location was not specified. Please set FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH.")
+endif()
+
+set(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH "${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}" CACHE PATH "Path to the FreeRTOS Kernel")
+
+get_filename_component(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH "${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}" REALPATH BASE_DIR "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}")
+if (NOT EXISTS ${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH})
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Directory '${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}' not found")
+endif()
+if (NOT EXISTS ${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_RELATIVE_PATH}/CMakeLists.txt)
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Directory '${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}' does not contain an RP2040 port here: ${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_RELATIVE_PATH}")
+endif()
+set(FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH ${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH} CACHE PATH "Path to the FreeRTOS_KERNEL" FORCE)
+
+add_subdirectory(${FREERTOS_KERNEL_PATH}/${FREERTOS_KERNEL_RP2040_RELATIVE_PATH} FREERTOS_KERNEL)

examples/freertos_benchmark/fs_init.c

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2024, Hiroyuki OYAMA. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <hardware/clocks.h>
+#include <hardware/flash.h>
+#include "blockdevice/flash.h"
+#include "blockdevice/sd.h"
+#include "filesystem/fat.h"
+#include "filesystem/littlefs.h"
+#include "filesystem/vfs.h"
+
+bool fs_init(void) {
+    printf("mount /sd\n");
+    blockdevice_t *sd = blockdevice_sd_create(spi0,
+                                              PICO_DEFAULT_SPI_TX_PIN,
+                                              PICO_DEFAULT_SPI_RX_PIN,
+                                              PICO_DEFAULT_SPI_SCK_PIN,
+                                              PICO_DEFAULT_SPI_CSN_PIN,
+                                              24 * MHZ,
+                                              false);
+    filesystem_t *fat = filesystem_fat_create();
+    int err = fs_mount("/sd", fat, sd);
+    if (err == -1) {
+        printf("format /sd with FAT\n");
+        err = fs_format(fat, sd);
+        if (err == -1) {
+            printf("fs_format error: %s", strerror(errno));
+            return false;
+        }
+        err = fs_mount("/sd", fat, sd);
+        if (err == -1) {
+            printf("fs_mount error: %s", strerror(errno));
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    printf("mount /flash\n");
+    blockdevice_t *device = blockdevice_flash_create(PICO_FLASH_SIZE_BYTES - PICO_FS_DEFAULT_SIZE, 0);
+    filesystem_t *fs = filesystem_littlefs_create(500, 16);
+    err = fs_mount("/flash", fs, device);
+    if (err == -1) {
+        printf("format /flash\n");
+        err = fs_format(fs, device);
+        if (err == -1) {
+            printf("fs_format error: %s", strerror(errno));
+            return false;
+        }
+        err = fs_mount("/flash", fs, device);
+        if (err == -1) {
+            printf("fs_mount error: %s", strerror(errno));
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}

examples/freertos_benchmark/main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#include <FreeRTOS.h>
+#include <portable.h>
+
+#include <task.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <pico/stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "filesystem/vfs.h"
+
+#define BENCHMARK_SIZE       (0.4 * 1024 * 1024)
+#define BUFFER_SIZE          (512 * 1)
+
+static uint32_t xor_rand(uint32_t *seed) {
+    *seed ^= *seed << 13;
+    *seed ^= *seed >> 17;
+    *seed ^= *seed << 5;
+    return *seed;
+}
+
+static uint32_t xor_rand_32bit(uint32_t *seed) {
+    return xor_rand(seed);
+}
+
+void benchmark_task(void *p)
+{
+    const char *path = p;
+    printf("start benchmark %s\n", path);
+
+    uint64_t start_at = get_absolute_time();
+    int fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT);
+    if (fd == -1) {
+        printf("open error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t counter = 0;
+    xor_rand(&counter);
+    uint8_t buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
+    size_t remind = BENCHMARK_SIZE;
+    while (remind > 0) {
+        size_t chunk = remind % sizeof(buffer) ? remind % sizeof(buffer) : sizeof(buffer);
+        uint32_t *b = (uint32_t *)buffer;
+        for (size_t j = 0; j < (chunk / sizeof(uint32_t)); j++) {
+            b[j] = xor_rand_32bit(&counter);
+        }
+
+        ssize_t write_size = write(fd, buffer, chunk);
+        if (write_size == -1) {
+            printf("write: error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+            return;
+        }
+        remind = remind - write_size;
+    }
+
+    int err = close(fd);
+    if (err == -1) {
+        printf("close error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    double duration = (double)absolute_time_diff_us(start_at, get_absolute_time()) / 1000 / 1000;
+    printf("Finish %s: %.1f KB/s\n", path, (double)(BENCHMARK_SIZE) / duration / 1024);
+
+    while (true) {
+       ;
+    }
+}
+
+int main(void)
+{
+    stdio_init_all();
+    fs_init();
+    printf("FreeRTOS benchmark\n");
+
+    xTaskCreate(benchmark_task, "SD Card", 1024*1, "/sd/benchmark", 1, NULL);
+
+    TaskHandle_t task_handle;
+    xTaskCreate(benchmark_task, "flash", 1024*1, "/flash/benchmark", 1, &(task_handle));
+    //vTaskCoreAffinitySet(task_handle, 1);
+
+    vTaskStartScheduler();
+
+    while (true)
+        ;
+}
+