pkg: support the TSO format for asof expression (#48371)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #48371

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #48372

Problem Summary:

What is changed and how it works?

This PR provides the support to use TSO for asof expression of flashback sql command, stale read and resource calibration.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No need to test

  • I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

Besides the timestamp format, TiDB users can use the TSO directly for `flashback` sql command, stale read and resource calibration.

[BornChanger]

/retest

[BornChanger]

/retest

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❗ No coverage uploaded for pull request base (release-6.5@5a6c8c8). Click here to learn what that means.
The diff coverage is n/a.

Additional details and impacted files

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[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: BornChanger, Leavrth

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• OWNERS [Leavrth]

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2023-11-23 08:26:29.916426092 +0000 UTC m=+479218.581652286: ☑️ agreed by BornChanger.
• 2023-11-23 09:01:02.600628714 +0000 UTC m=+481291.265854909: ☑️ agreed by Leavrth.