feat(rust,python,cli): add SQL support for `timestamp` precision modifier #5743

Job	Run time
check-features	6m 48s
check-wasm	4m 37s
integration-test (ubuntu-latest)	1m 56s
integration-test (windows-latest)	4m 18s
test (ubuntu-latest)	8m 32s
test (windows-latest)	8m 24s
	34m 35s

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