chore(cli): Move profile config to workspace

[stinodego]

Any cargo build in the workspace would result in the following warning:

warning: profiles for the non root package will be ignored, specify profiles at the workspace root:
package:   /home/stijn/code/polars/polars-cli/Cargo.toml
workspace: /home/stijn/code/polars/Cargo.toml

So the profile config wasn't doing anything. Moving the profile definition to the workspace fixes the warning. However, the lto and panick keys are not supported. See rust-lang/cargo#9330

For now, this at least enables the strip option and removes the warning.

@universalmind303 Do you have any input here?

[universalmind303]

seems reasonable to me