fix: Return appropriate data type for time mean and median

crates/polars-core/src/frame/group_by/aggregations/dispatch.rs

@@ -116,14 +116,14 @@ impl Series {
             Float64 => SeriesWrap(self.f64().unwrap().clone()).agg_median(groups),
             dt if dt.is_numeric() => apply_method_physical_integer!(self, agg_median, groups),
             #[cfg(feature = "dtype-datetime")]
-            dt @ (Datetime(_, _) | Duration(_)) => self
+            dt @ (Datetime(_, _) | Duration(_) | Time) => self
                 .to_physical_repr()
                 .agg_median(groups)
                 .cast(&Int64)
                 .unwrap()
                 .cast(dt)
                 .unwrap(),
-            dt @ (Date | Time) => {
+            dt @ Date => {
                 let ca = self.to_physical_repr();
                 let physical_type = ca.dtype();
                 let s = apply_method_physical_integer!(ca, agg_median, groups);
@@ -174,14 +174,14 @@ impl Series {
             Float64 => SeriesWrap(self.f64().unwrap().clone()).agg_mean(groups),
             dt if dt.is_numeric() => apply_method_physical_integer!(self, agg_mean, groups),
             #[cfg(feature = "dtype-datetime")]
-            dt @ (Datetime(_, _) | Duration(_)) => self
+            dt @ (Datetime(_, _) | Duration(_) | Time) => self
                 .to_physical_repr()
                 .agg_mean(groups)
                 .cast(&Int64)
                 .unwrap()
                 .cast(dt)
                 .unwrap(),
-            dt @ (Date | Time) => {
+            dt @ Date => {
                 let ca = self.to_physical_repr();
                 let physical_type = ca.dtype();
                 let s = apply_method_physical_integer!(ca, agg_mean, groups);

crates/polars-core/src/series/implementations/dates_time.rs

@@ -323,6 +323,9 @@ macro_rules! impl_dyn_series {
             fn min_as_series(&self) -> PolarsResult<Series> {
                 Ok(self.0.min_as_series().$into_logical())
             }
+            fn median_as_series(&self) -> PolarsResult<Series> {
+                Series::new(self.name(), &[self.median().map(|v| v as i64)]).cast(self.dtype())
+            }
 
             fn clone_inner(&self) -> Arc<dyn SeriesTrait> {
                 Arc::new(SeriesWrap(Clone::clone(&self.0)))

crates/polars-core/src/series/mod.rs

@@ -778,6 +778,10 @@ impl Series {
                     .cast(dt)
                     .unwrap()
             },
+            #[cfg(feature = "dtype-time")]
+            dt @ DataType::Time => Series::new(self.name(), &[self.mean().map(|v| v as i64)])
+                .cast(dt)
+                .unwrap(),
             _ => return Series::full_null(self.name(), 1, self.dtype()),
         }
     }

crates/polars-lazy/src/frame/mod.rs

@@ -1403,7 +1403,10 @@ impl LazyFrame {
                 dt.is_numeric()
                     || matches!(
                         dt,
-                        DataType::Boolean | DataType::Duration(_) | DataType::Datetime(_, _)
+                        DataType::Boolean
+                            | DataType::Duration(_)
+                            | DataType::Datetime(_, _)
+                            | DataType::Time
                     )
             },
             |name| col(name).mean(),
@@ -1421,7 +1424,10 @@ impl LazyFrame {
                 dt.is_numeric()
                     || matches!(
                         dt,
-                        DataType::Boolean | DataType::Duration(_) | DataType::Datetime(_, _)
+                        DataType::Boolean
+                            | DataType::Duration(_)
+                            | DataType::Datetime(_, _)
+                            | DataType::Time
                     )
             },
             |name| col(name).median(),

py-polars/polars/series/datetime.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 from polars._utils.deprecation import deprecate_function, deprecate_renamed_function
 from polars._utils.unstable import unstable
 from polars._utils.wrap import wrap_s
-from polars.datatypes import Date, Datetime, Duration
+from polars.datatypes import Date, Datetime, Duration, Time
 from polars.series.utils import expr_dispatch
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ def median(self) -> TemporalLiteral | float | None:
         if out is not None:
             if s.dtype == Date:
                 return to_py_date(int(out))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-            elif s.dtype in (Datetime, Duration):
+            elif s.dtype in (Datetime, Duration, Time):
                 return out  # type: ignore[return-value]
             else:
                 return to_py_datetime(int(out), s.dtype.time_unit)  # type: ignore[arg-type, attr-defined]
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ def mean(self) -> TemporalLiteral | float | None:
         if out is not None:
             if s.dtype == Date:
                 return to_py_date(int(out))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-            elif s.dtype in (Datetime, Duration):
+            elif s.dtype in (Datetime, Duration, Time):
                 return out  # type: ignore[return-value]
             else:
                 return to_py_datetime(int(out), s.dtype.time_unit)  # type: ignore[arg-type, attr-defined]

py-polars/src/series/aggregation.rs

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ impl PySeries {
                     .map_err(PyPolarsErr::from)?,
             )
             .into_py(py)),
-            DataType::Datetime(_, _) | DataType::Duration(_) => Ok(Wrap(
+            DataType::Datetime(_, _) | DataType::Duration(_) | DataType::Time => Ok(Wrap(
                 self.series
                     .mean_as_series()
                     .get(0)
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ impl PySeries {
                     .map_err(PyPolarsErr::from)?,
             )
             .into_py(py)),
-            DataType::Datetime(_, _) | DataType::Duration(_) => Ok(Wrap(
+            DataType::Datetime(_, _) | DataType::Duration(_) | DataType::Time => Ok(Wrap(
                 self.series
                     .median_as_series()
                     .map_err(PyPolarsErr::from)?

py-polars/tests/unit/namespaces/test_datetime.py

@@ -982,6 +982,9 @@ def test_weekday(time_unit: TimeUnit) -> None:
         ([timedelta(days=1)], timedelta(days=1)),
         ([timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=3)], timedelta(days=2)),
         ([timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=15)], timedelta(days=2)),
+        ([time(hour=1)], time(hour=1)),
+        ([time(hour=1), time(hour=2), time(hour=3)], time(hour=2)),
+        ([time(hour=1), time(hour=2), time(hour=15)], time(hour=2)),
     ],
     ids=[
         "empty",
@@ -995,6 +998,9 @@ def test_weekday(time_unit: TimeUnit) -> None:
         "single_dur",
         "spread_even_dur",
         "spread_skewed_dur",
+        "single_time",
+        "spread_even_time",
+        "spread_skewed_time",
     ],
 )
 def test_median(
@@ -1003,7 +1009,7 @@ def test_median(
     s = pl.Series(values)
     assert s.dt.median() == expected_median
 
-    if s.dtype == pl.Datetime:
+    if s.dtype in (pl.Datetime, pl.Duration, pl.Time):
         assert s.median() == expected_median
 
 
@@ -1027,6 +1033,9 @@ def test_median(
         ([timedelta(days=1)], timedelta(days=1)),
         ([timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=3)], timedelta(days=2)),
         ([timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=15)], timedelta(days=6)),
+        ([time(hour=1)], time(hour=1)),
+        ([time(hour=1), time(hour=2), time(hour=3)], time(hour=2)),
+        ([time(hour=1), time(hour=2), time(hour=15)], time(hour=6)),
     ],
     ids=[
         "empty",
@@ -1040,6 +1049,9 @@ def test_median(
         "single_duration",
         "spread_even_duration",
         "spread_skewed_duration",
+        "single_time",
+        "spread_even_time",
+        "spread_skewed_time",
     ],
 )
 def test_mean(
@@ -1048,62 +1060,91 @@ def test_mean(
     s = pl.Series(values)
     assert s.dt.mean() == expected_mean
 
-    if s.dtype == pl.Datetime:
+    if s.dtype in (pl.Datetime, pl.Duration, pl.Time):
         assert s.mean() == expected_mean
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("values", "expected_mean"),
     [
+        ([None], None),
         (
             [datetime(2022, 1, 1), datetime(2022, 1, 2), datetime(2024, 5, 15)],
             datetime(2022, 10, 16, 16, 0, 0),
         ),
     ],
-    ids=["spread_skewed_dt"],
+    ids=["None_dt", "spread_skewed_dt"],
 )
-def test_datetime_mean_with_tu(values: list[datetime], expected_mean: datetime) -> None:
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ms")).mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ms")).dt.mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("us")).mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("us")).dt.mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ns")).mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ns")).dt.mean() == expected_mean
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("time_unit", ["ms", "us", "ns"])
+def test_datetime_mean_with_tu(
+    values: list[datetime], expected_mean: datetime, time_unit: TimeUnit
+) -> None:
+    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).mean() == expected_mean
+    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).dt.mean() == expected_mean
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("values", "expected_median"),
+    [
+        ([None], None),
+        (
+            [datetime(2022, 1, 1), datetime(2022, 1, 2), datetime(2024, 5, 15)],
+            datetime(2022, 1, 2),
+        ),
+    ],
+    ids=["None_dt", "spread_skewed_dt"],
+)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("time_unit", ["ms", "us", "ns"])
+def test_datetime_median_with_tu(
+    values: list[datetime], expected_median: datetime, time_unit: TimeUnit
+) -> None:
+    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).median() == expected_median
+    assert (
+        pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).dt.median() == expected_median
+    )
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("values", "expected_mean"),
-    [([timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=15)], timedelta(days=6))],
-    ids=["spread_skewed_dur"],
+    [
+        ([None], None),
+        (
+            [timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=15)],
+            timedelta(days=6),
+        ),
+    ],
+    ids=["None_dur", "spread_skewed_dur"],
 )
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("time_unit", ["ms", "us", "ns"])
 def test_duration_mean_with_tu(
-    values: list[timedelta], expected_mean: timedelta
+    values: list[timedelta], expected_mean: timedelta, time_unit: TimeUnit
 ) -> None:
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ms")).mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ms")).dt.mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("us")).mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("us")).dt.mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ns")).mean() == expected_mean
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ns")).dt.mean() == expected_mean
+    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).mean() == expected_mean
+    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).dt.mean() == expected_mean
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("values", "expected_median"),
-    [([timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=15)], timedelta(days=2))],
-    ids=["spread_skewed_dur"],
+    [
+        ([None], None),
+        (
+            [timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=15)],
+            timedelta(days=2),
+        ),
+    ],
+    ids=["None_dur", "spread_skewed_dur"],
 )
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("time_unit", ["ms", "us", "ns"])
 def test_duration_median_with_tu(
-    values: list[timedelta], expected_median: timedelta
+    values: list[timedelta], expected_median: timedelta, time_unit: TimeUnit
 ) -> None:
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ms")).median() == expected_median
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ms")).dt.median() == expected_median
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("us")).median() == expected_median
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("us")).dt.median() == expected_median
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ns")).median() == expected_median
-    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration("ns")).dt.median() == expected_median
+    assert pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).median() == expected_median
+    assert (
+        pl.Series(values, dtype=pl.Duration(time_unit)).dt.median() == expected_median
+    )
 
 
-def test_agg_expr() -> None:
+def test_agg_mean_expr() -> None:
     df = pl.DataFrame(
         {
             "datetime_ms": pl.Series(
@@ -1130,6 +1171,10 @@ def test_agg_expr() -> None:
                 [timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=4)],
                 dtype=pl.Duration("ns"),
             ),
+            "time": pl.Series(
+                [time(hour=1), time(hour=2), time(hour=4)],
+                dtype=pl.Time,
+            ),
         }
     )
 
@@ -1153,7 +1198,57 @@ def test_agg_expr() -> None:
             "duration_ns": pl.Series(
                 [timedelta(days=2, hours=8)], dtype=pl.Duration("ns")
             ),
+            "time": pl.Series([time(hour=2, minute=20)], dtype=pl.Time),
         }
     )
 
     assert_frame_equal(df.select(pl.all().mean()), expected)
+
+
+def test_agg_median_expr() -> None:
+    df = pl.DataFrame(
+        {
+            "datetime_ms": pl.Series(
+                [datetime(2023, 1, 1), datetime(2023, 1, 2), datetime(2023, 1, 4)],
+                dtype=pl.Datetime("ms"),
+            ),
+            "datetime_us": pl.Series(
+                [datetime(2023, 1, 1), datetime(2023, 1, 2), datetime(2023, 1, 4)],
+                dtype=pl.Datetime("us"),
+            ),
+            "datetime_ns": pl.Series(
+                [datetime(2023, 1, 1), datetime(2023, 1, 2), datetime(2023, 1, 4)],
+                dtype=pl.Datetime("ns"),
+            ),
+            "duration_ms": pl.Series(
+                [timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=4)],
+                dtype=pl.Duration("ms"),
+            ),
+            "duration_us": pl.Series(
+                [timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=4)],
+                dtype=pl.Duration("us"),
+            ),
+            "duration_ns": pl.Series(
+                [timedelta(days=1), timedelta(days=2), timedelta(days=4)],
+                dtype=pl.Duration("ns"),
+            ),
+            "time": pl.Series(
+                [time(hour=1), time(hour=2), time(hour=4)],
+                dtype=pl.Time,
+            ),
+        }
+    )
+
+    expected = pl.DataFrame(
+        {
+            "datetime_ms": pl.Series([datetime(2023, 1, 2)], dtype=pl.Datetime("ms")),
+            "datetime_us": pl.Series([datetime(2023, 1, 2)], dtype=pl.Datetime("us")),
+            "datetime_ns": pl.Series([datetime(2023, 1, 2)], dtype=pl.Datetime("ns")),
+            "duration_ms": pl.Series([timedelta(days=2)], dtype=pl.Duration("ms")),
+            "duration_us": pl.Series([timedelta(days=2)], dtype=pl.Duration("us")),
+            "duration_ns": pl.Series([timedelta(days=2)], dtype=pl.Duration("ns")),
+            "time": pl.Series([time(hour=2)], dtype=pl.Time),
+        }
+    )
+
+    assert_frame_equal(df.select(pl.all().median()), expected)