perf: add new when-then-otherwise kernels

[orlp]

Fixes #15068.

This PR does not include the SIMD implementation. I'll do that in a follow-up PR, but we won't use the SIMD implementation for ARM anyway due to bad codegen for SimdMask::select on ARM, so I can already include benchmarks for ARM.

On Apple M1 I got the following speedups (mask% is the fraction of elements in then vs otherwise):

mask%     old          new                speedup        
polars timings u8        
0.00000   0.02525929   0.02219738         1.1x  
0.00100   0.02910158   0.02012929         1.4x  
0.01000   0.05439158   0.02014079         2.7x  
0.10000   0.27665242   0.02082679         13.3x 
0.50000   0.65478233   0.02012488         32.5x 
0.90000   0.26645138   0.01983608         13.4x 
0.99000   0.05240671   0.02002283         2.6x  
0.99900   0.02816983   0.01986192         1.4x  
1.00000   0.02423300   0.01985971         1.2x  
polars timings u8 (broadcast otherwise)         
0.00000   0.46525446   0.01984646         23.4x 
0.00100   0.46273529   0.01936929         23.9x 
0.01000   0.46829967   0.01936913         24.2x 
0.10000   0.51979821   0.01947946         26.7x 
0.50000   0.76355354   0.01926450         39.6x 
0.90000   0.51624604   0.01933525         26.7x 
0.99000   0.46921817   0.01895537         24.8x 
0.99900   0.46344254   0.01907154         24.3x 
1.00000   0.46381225   0.01925962         24.1x 
polars timings f64                              
0.00000   0.09006762   0.09574792         0.9x  
0.00100   0.10305983   0.09796342         1.1x  
0.01000   0.14941062   0.09693425         1.5x  
0.10000   0.34394075   0.09820421         3.5x  
0.50000   0.76637354   0.09134887         8.4x  
0.90000   0.31638142   0.09411667         3.4x  
0.99000   0.14092225   0.09765837         1.4x  
0.99900   0.09814958   0.09806475         1.0x  
1.00000   0.08417254   0.09562071         0.9x  
polars timings f64 (broadcast otherwise)         
0.00000   0.52636163   0.09149808         5.8x  
0.00100   0.53964625   0.08892567         6.1x  
0.01000   0.53506392   0.08688375         6.2x  
0.10000   0.59140608   0.08942167         6.6x  
0.50000   0.84946300   0.08939233         9.5x  
0.90000   0.58273454   0.08750654         6.7x  
0.99000   0.52966904   0.08492963         6.2x  
0.99900   0.52321504   0.08970133         5.8x  
1.00000   0.53637021   0.08843629         6.1x  
polars timings str                              
0.00000   0.47731292   0.23280058         2.1x  
0.00100   0.49604742   0.23696479         2.1x  
0.01000   0.62790583   0.30284708         2.1x  
0.10000   0.71476996   0.24317346         2.9x  
0.50000   1.05374433   0.22551333         4.7x  
0.90000   0.72261725   0.23241883         3.1x  
0.99000   0.62651550   0.30388683         2.1x  
0.99900   0.48815529   0.23109054         2.1x  
1.00000   0.45677750   0.21798329         2.1x  
polars timings str (broadcast otherwise)         
0.00000   1.24380221   0.19173546         6.5x  
0.00100   1.24489379   0.19009825         6.5x  
0.01000   1.33005296   0.22736504         5.8x  
0.10000   1.30071879   0.19487300         6.7x  
0.50000   1.46655796   0.19071213         7.7x  
0.90000   1.55811000   0.19063617         8.2x  
0.99000   1.58550654   0.19164250         8.3x  
0.99900   1.57938763   0.18342154         8.6x  
1.00000   1.57809433   0.18277375         8.6x

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 93.71482% with 67 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 81.17%. Comparing base (066c262) to head (010f1d3).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

❗ Current head 010f1d3 differs from pull request most recent head 20f48e4. Consider uploading reports for the commit 20f48e4 to get more accurate results

Files	Patch %	Lines
...tes/polars-arrow/src/array/static_array_collect.rs	25.00%	18 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-arrow/src/array/static_array.rs	15.00%	17 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-arrow/src/array/growable/utils.rs	60.00%	8 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-core/src/chunked_array/collect.rs	25.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-core/src/chunked_array/object/mod.rs	75.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-arrow/src/compute/utils.rs	80.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-arrow/src/datatypes/mod.rs	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-arrow/src/io/ipc/write/schema.rs	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
.../polars-core/src/datatypes/static_array_collect.rs	71.42%	2 Missing ⚠️
crates/polars-arrow/src/array/growable/binview.rs	92.85%	1 Missing ⚠️
... and 3 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #15089      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   81.08%   81.17%   +0.09%     
==========================================
  Files        1342     1346       +4     
  Lines      174150   174777     +627     
  Branches     2459     2459              
==========================================
+ Hits       141210   141877     +667     
+ Misses      32473    32434      -39     
+ Partials      467      466       -1     

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