Add --strip option to 'repair'

[lkollar]

Closes: #63

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #255 into master will increase coverage by 0.09%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #255      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   89.97%   90.06%   +0.09%     
==========================================
  Files          20       20              
  Lines        1047     1057      +10     
  Branches      223      226       +3     
==========================================
+ Hits          942      952      +10     
  Misses         62       62              
  Partials       43       43              

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
auditwheel/main_repair.py	80.85% <100.00%> (+0.41%)	⬆️
auditwheel/repair.py	85.59% <100.00%> (+1.18%)	⬆️

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