feat(spec): Allow partial versions when unambigious

This was proposed in #12425 to help improve usability of the existing
`cargo update` when dealing with the added workflows.

src/bin/cargo/commands/remove.rs

@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ fn spec_has_match(
         }
 
         let version_matches = match (spec.version(), dep.version()) {
-            (Some(v), Some(vq)) => semver::VersionReq::parse(vq)?.matches(v),
+            (Some(v), Some(vq)) => semver::VersionReq::parse(vq)?.matches(&v),
             (Some(_), None) => false,
             (None, None | Some(_)) => true,
         };

src/cargo/core/package_id_spec.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ use crate::core::PackageId;
 use crate::util::edit_distance;
 use crate::util::errors::CargoResult;
 use crate::util::interning::InternedString;
-use crate::util::{validate_package_name, IntoUrl, ToSemver};
+use crate::util::PartialVersion;
+use crate::util::{validate_package_name, IntoUrl};
 
 /// Some or all of the data required to identify a package:
 ///
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ use crate::util::{validate_package_name, IntoUrl, ToSemver};
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct PackageIdSpec {
     name: InternedString,
-    version: Option<Version>,
+    version: Option<PartialVersion>,
     url: Option<Url>,
 }
 
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ impl PackageIdSpec {
         let mut parts = spec.splitn(2, [':', '@']);
         let name = parts.next().unwrap();
         let version = match parts.next() {
-            Some(version) => Some(version.to_semver()?),
+            Some(version) => Some(version.parse::<PartialVersion>()?),
             None => None,
         };
         validate_package_name(name, "pkgid", "")?;
@@ -94,12 +95,12 @@ impl PackageIdSpec {
         spec.query(i)
     }
 
-    /// Convert a `PackageId` to a `PackageIdSpec`, which will have both the `Version` and `Url`
+    /// Convert a `PackageId` to a `PackageIdSpec`, which will have both the `PartialVersion` and `Url`
     /// fields filled in.
     pub fn from_package_id(package_id: PackageId) -> PackageIdSpec {
         PackageIdSpec {
             name: package_id.name(),
-            version: Some(package_id.version().clone()),
+            version: Some(package_id.version().clone().into()),
             url: Some(package_id.source_id().url().clone()),
         }
     }
@@ -128,14 +129,14 @@ impl PackageIdSpec {
                     let name_or_version = parts.next().unwrap();
                     match parts.next() {
                         Some(part) => {
-                            let version = part.to_semver()?;
+                            let version = part.parse::<PartialVersion>()?;
                             (InternedString::new(name_or_version), Some(version))
                         }
                         None => {
                             if name_or_version.chars().next().unwrap().is_alphabetic() {
                                 (InternedString::new(name_or_version), None)
                             } else {
-                                let version = name_or_version.to_semver()?;
+                                let version = name_or_version.parse::<PartialVersion>()?;
                                 (InternedString::new(path_name), Some(version))
                             }
                         }
@@ -155,7 +156,12 @@ impl PackageIdSpec {
         self.name
     }
 
-    pub fn version(&self) -> Option<&Version> {
+    /// Full `semver::Version`, if present
+    pub fn version(&self) -> Option<Version> {
+        self.version.as_ref().and_then(|v| v.version())
+    }
+
+    pub fn partial_version(&self) -> Option<&PartialVersion> {
         self.version.as_ref()
     }
 
@@ -174,7 +180,8 @@ impl PackageIdSpec {
         }
 
         if let Some(ref v) = self.version {
-            if v != package_id.version() {
+            let req = v.exact_req();
+            if !req.matches(package_id.version()) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
@@ -326,7 +333,6 @@ mod tests {
     use super::PackageIdSpec;
     use crate::core::{PackageId, SourceId};
     use crate::util::interning::InternedString;
-    use crate::util::ToSemver;
     use url::Url;
 
     #[test]
@@ -351,16 +357,25 @@ mod tests {
             "https://crates.io/foo#1.2.3",
             PackageIdSpec {
                 name: InternedString::new("foo"),
-                version: Some("1.2.3".to_semver().unwrap()),
+                version: Some("1.2.3".parse().unwrap()),
                 url: Some(Url::parse("https://crates.io/foo").unwrap()),
             },
             "https://crates.io/foo#1.2.3",
         );
+        ok(
+            "https://crates.io/foo#1.2",
+            PackageIdSpec {
+                name: InternedString::new("foo"),
+                version: Some("1.2".parse().unwrap()),
+                url: Some(Url::parse("https://crates.io/foo").unwrap()),
+            },
+            "https://crates.io/foo#1.2",
+        );
         ok(
             "https://crates.io/foo#bar:1.2.3",
             PackageIdSpec {
                 name: InternedString::new("bar"),
-                version: Some("1.2.3".to_semver().unwrap()),
+                version: Some("1.2.3".parse().unwrap()),
                 url: Some(Url::parse("https://crates.io/foo").unwrap()),
             },
             "https://crates.io/foo#bar@1.2.3",
@@ -369,11 +384,20 @@ mod tests {
             "https://crates.io/foo#bar@1.2.3",
             PackageIdSpec {
                 name: InternedString::new("bar"),
-                version: Some("1.2.3".to_semver().unwrap()),
+                version: Some("1.2.3".parse().unwrap()),
                 url: Some(Url::parse("https://crates.io/foo").unwrap()),
             },
             "https://crates.io/foo#bar@1.2.3",
         );
+        ok(
+            "https://crates.io/foo#bar@1.2",
+            PackageIdSpec {
+                name: InternedString::new("bar"),
+                version: Some("1.2".parse().unwrap()),
+                url: Some(Url::parse("https://crates.io/foo").unwrap()),
+            },
+            "https://crates.io/foo#bar@1.2",
+        );
         ok(
             "foo",
             PackageIdSpec {
@@ -387,7 +411,7 @@ mod tests {
             "foo:1.2.3",
             PackageIdSpec {
                 name: InternedString::new("foo"),
-                version: Some("1.2.3".to_semver().unwrap()),
+                version: Some("1.2.3".parse().unwrap()),
                 url: None,
             },
             "foo@1.2.3",
@@ -396,21 +420,29 @@ mod tests {
             "foo@1.2.3",
             PackageIdSpec {
                 name: InternedString::new("foo"),
-                version: Some("1.2.3".to_semver().unwrap()),
+                version: Some("1.2.3".parse().unwrap()),
                 url: None,
             },
             "foo@1.2.3",
         );
+        ok(
+            "foo@1.2",
+            PackageIdSpec {
+                name: InternedString::new("foo"),
+                version: Some("1.2".parse().unwrap()),
+                url: None,
+            },
+            "foo@1.2",
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn bad_parsing() {
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz:").is_err());
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz:*").is_err());
-        assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz:1.0").is_err());
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz@").is_err());
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz@*").is_err());
-        assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz@1.0").is_err());
+        assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("baz@^1.0").is_err());
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("https://baz:1.0").is_err());
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("https://#baz:1.0").is_err());
     }
@@ -428,5 +460,6 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!PackageIdSpec::parse("foo:1.2.2").unwrap().matches(foo));
         assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("foo@1.2.3").unwrap().matches(foo));
         assert!(!PackageIdSpec::parse("foo@1.2.2").unwrap().matches(foo));
+        assert!(PackageIdSpec::parse("foo@1.2").unwrap().matches(foo));
     }
 }

src/cargo/ops/cargo_clean.rs

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ pub fn clean(ws: &Workspace<'_>, opts: &CleanOptions<'_>) -> CargoResult<()> {
     for spec_str in opts.spec.iter() {
         // Translate the spec to a Package.
         let spec = PackageIdSpec::parse(spec_str)?;
-        if spec.version().is_some() {
+        if spec.partial_version().is_some() {
             config.shell().warn(&format!(
                 "version qualifier in `-p {}` is ignored, \
                 cleaning all versions of `{}` found",

src/cargo/util/mod.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub use self::progress::{Progress, ProgressStyle};
 pub use self::queue::Queue;
 pub use self::restricted_names::validate_package_name;
 pub use self::rustc::Rustc;
-pub use self::semver_ext::{OptVersionReq, RustVersion, VersionExt, VersionReqExt};
+pub use self::semver_ext::{OptVersionReq, PartialVersion, RustVersion, VersionExt, VersionReqExt};
 pub use self::to_semver::ToSemver;
 pub use self::vcs::{existing_vcs_repo, FossilRepo, GitRepo, HgRepo, PijulRepo};
 pub use self::workspace::{

src/cargo/util/semver_ext.rs

@@ -164,6 +164,16 @@ pub struct PartialVersion {
 }
 
 impl PartialVersion {
+    pub fn version(&self) -> Option<Version> {
+        Some(Version {
+            major: self.major,
+            minor: self.minor?,
+            patch: self.patch?,
+            pre: self.pre.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            build: self.build.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+        })
+    }
+
     pub fn caret_req(&self) -> VersionReq {
         VersionReq {
             comparators: vec![Comparator {
@@ -175,6 +185,18 @@ impl PartialVersion {
             }],
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn exact_req(&self) -> VersionReq {
+        VersionReq {
+            comparators: vec![Comparator {
+                op: semver::Op::Exact,
+                major: self.major,
+                minor: self.minor,
+                patch: self.patch,
+                pre: self.pre.as_ref().cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
+            }],
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl From<semver::Version> for PartialVersion {

src/cargo/util/toml/mod.rs

@@ -2653,8 +2653,8 @@ impl TomlManifest {
                 replacement.unused_keys(),
                 &mut cx.warnings,
             );
-            dep.set_version_req(VersionReq::exact(version))
-                .lock_version(version);
+            dep.set_version_req(VersionReq::exact(&version))
+                .lock_version(&version);
             replace.push((spec, dep));
         }
         Ok(replace)

src/doc/src/reference/pkgid-spec.md

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ The formal grammar for a Package Id Specification is:
 spec := pkgname
        | proto "://" hostname-and-path [ "#" ( pkgname | semver ) ]
 pkgname := name [ ("@" | ":" ) semver ]
+semver := digits [ "." digits [ "." digits [ "-" prerelease ] [ "+" build ]]]
 
 proto := "http" | "git" | ...
 ```
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ The following are references to the `regex` package on `crates.io`:
 | Spec                                                        | Name    | Version |
 |:------------------------------------------------------------|:-------:|:-------:|
 | `regex`                                                     | `regex` | `*`     |
+| `regex@1.4`                                                 | `regex` | `1.4.*` |
 | `regex@1.4.3`                                               | `regex` | `1.4.3` |
 | `https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index#regex`        | `regex` | `*`     |
 | `https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index#regex@1.4.3`  | `regex` | `1.4.3` |

tests/testsuite/clean.rs

@@ -659,13 +659,21 @@ error: package ID specification `baz` did not match any packages
         .run();
 
     p.cargo("clean -p bar:0.1")
-        .with_status(101)
         .with_stderr(
-            "\
-error: cannot parse '0.1' as a SemVer version
-",
+            "warning: version qualifier in `-p bar:0.1` is ignored, \
+            cleaning all versions of `bar` found",
         )
         .run();
+    let mut walker = walkdir::WalkDir::new(p.build_dir())
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .filter(|e| {
+            let n = e.file_name().to_str().unwrap();
+            n.starts_with("bar") || n.starts_with("libbar")
+        });
+    if let Some(e) = walker.next() {
+        panic!("{:?} was not cleaned", e.path());
+    }
 }
 
 #[cargo_test]
@@ -705,13 +713,21 @@ error: package ID specification `baz` did not match any packages
         .run();
 
     p.cargo("clean -p bar:0")
-        .with_status(101)
         .with_stderr(
-            "\
-error: cannot parse '0' as a SemVer version
-",
+            "warning: version qualifier in `-p bar:0` is ignored, \
+            cleaning all versions of `bar` found",
         )
         .run();
+    let mut walker = walkdir::WalkDir::new(p.build_dir())
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|e| e.ok())
+        .filter(|e| {
+            let n = e.file_name().to_str().unwrap();
+            n.starts_with("bar") || n.starts_with("libbar")
+        });
+    if let Some(e) = walker.next() {
+        panic!("{:?} was not cleaned", e.path());
+    }
 }
 
 #[cargo_test]

tests/testsuite/pkgid.rs

@@ -151,25 +151,20 @@ fn multiple_versions() {
         .with_status(101)
         .with_stderr(
             "\
-error: invalid package ID specification: `two-ver@0`
-
-<tab>Did you mean `two-ver`?
-
-Caused by:
-  cannot parse '0' as a SemVer version
+error: There are multiple `two-ver` packages in your project, and the specification `two-ver@0` is ambiguous.
+Please re-run this command with `-p <spec>` where `<spec>` is one of the following:
+  two-ver@0.1.0
+  two-ver@0.2.0
 ",
         )
         .run();
 
     // Incomplete version.
     p.cargo("pkgid two-ver@0.2")
-        .with_status(101)
-        .with_stderr(
+        .with_status(0)
+        .with_stdout(
             "\
-error: invalid package ID specification: `two-ver@0.2`
-
-Caused by:
-  cannot parse '0.2' as a SemVer version
+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index#two-ver@0.2.0
 ",
         )
         .run();

tests/testsuite/profile_overrides.rs

@@ -317,19 +317,7 @@ fn profile_override_spec_with_partial_version() {
         .build();
 
     p.cargo("check -v")
-        .with_status(101)
-        .with_stderr_contains(
-            "\
-error: failed to parse manifest at `[CWD]/Cargo.toml`
-
-Caused by:
-  TOML parse error at line 9, column 34
-    |
-  9 |             [profile.dev.package.\"bar:0.5\"]
-    |                                  ^^^^^^^^^
-  cannot parse '0.5' as a SemVer version
-",
-        )
+        .with_stderr_contains("[RUNNING] `rustc [..]bar/src/lib.rs [..] -C codegen-units=2 [..]")
         .run();
 }