wf: check foreign fn decls for well-formedness

This commit extends current well-formedness checking to apply to foreign
function declarations, re-using the existing machinery for regular
functions. In doing this, later parts of the compiler (such as the
`improper_ctypes` lint) can rely on being operations not failing as a
result of invalid code which would normally be caught earlier.

Signed-off-by: David Wood <david@davidtw.co>

src/librustc_typeck/check/wfcheck.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::{
     self, AdtKind, GenericParamDefKind, ToPredicate, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeFoldable, WithConstness,
 };
 use rustc_session::parse::feature_err;
-use rustc_span::symbol::{sym, Symbol};
+use rustc_span::symbol::{sym, Ident, Symbol};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 use rustc_trait_selection::opaque_types::may_define_opaque_type;
 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::query::evaluate_obligation::InferCtxtExt;
@@ -142,8 +142,8 @@ pub fn check_item_well_formed(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId) {
                 _ => unreachable!(),
             }
         }
-        hir::ItemKind::Fn(..) => {
-            check_item_fn(tcx, item);
+        hir::ItemKind::Fn(ref sig, ..) => {
+            check_item_fn(tcx, item.hir_id, item.ident, item.span, sig.decl);
         }
         hir::ItemKind::Static(ref ty, ..) => {
             check_item_type(tcx, item.hir_id, ty.span, false);
@@ -153,8 +153,14 @@ pub fn check_item_well_formed(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId) {
         }
         hir::ItemKind::ForeignMod(ref module) => {
             for it in module.items.iter() {
-                if let hir::ForeignItemKind::Static(ref ty, ..) = it.kind {
-                    check_item_type(tcx, it.hir_id, ty.span, true);
+                match it.kind {
+                    hir::ForeignItemKind::Fn(ref decl, ..) => {
+                        check_item_fn(tcx, it.hir_id, it.ident, it.span, decl)
+                    }
+                    hir::ForeignItemKind::Static(ref ty, ..) => {
+                        check_item_type(tcx, it.hir_id, ty.span, true)
+                    }
+                    hir::ForeignItemKind::Type => (),
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -303,7 +309,7 @@ fn check_associated_item(
                     fcx,
                     item.ident.span,
                     sig,
-                    hir_sig,
+                    hir_sig.decl,
                     item.def_id,
                     &mut implied_bounds,
                 );
@@ -564,22 +570,24 @@ fn check_associated_type_defaults(fcx: &FnCtxt<'_, '_>, trait_def_id: DefId) {
     }
 }
 
-fn check_item_fn(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, item: &hir::Item<'_>) {
-    for_item(tcx, item).with_fcx(|fcx, tcx| {
-        let def_id = fcx.tcx.hir().local_def_id(item.hir_id);
+fn check_item_fn(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
+    item_id: hir::HirId,
+    ident: Ident,
+    span: Span,
+    decl: &hir::FnDecl<'_>,
+) {
+    for_id(tcx, item_id, span).with_fcx(|fcx, tcx| {
+        let def_id = fcx.tcx.hir().local_def_id(item_id);
         let sig = fcx.tcx.fn_sig(def_id);
-        let sig = fcx.normalize_associated_types_in(item.span, &sig);
+        let sig = fcx.normalize_associated_types_in(span, &sig);
         let mut implied_bounds = vec![];
-        let hir_sig = match &item.kind {
-            ItemKind::Fn(sig, ..) => sig,
-            _ => bug!("expected `ItemKind::Fn`, found `{:?}`", item.kind),
-        };
         check_fn_or_method(
             tcx,
             fcx,
-            item.ident.span,
+            ident.span,
             sig,
-            hir_sig,
+            decl,
             def_id.to_def_id(),
             &mut implied_bounds,
         );
@@ -835,28 +843,28 @@ fn check_fn_or_method<'fcx, 'tcx>(
     fcx: &FnCtxt<'fcx, 'tcx>,
     span: Span,
     sig: ty::PolyFnSig<'tcx>,
-    hir_sig: &hir::FnSig<'_>,
+    hir_decl: &hir::FnDecl<'_>,
     def_id: DefId,
     implied_bounds: &mut Vec<Ty<'tcx>>,
 ) {
     let sig = fcx.normalize_associated_types_in(span, &sig);
     let sig = fcx.tcx.liberate_late_bound_regions(def_id, &sig);
 
-    for (&input_ty, span) in sig.inputs().iter().zip(hir_sig.decl.inputs.iter().map(|t| t.span)) {
+    for (&input_ty, span) in sig.inputs().iter().zip(hir_decl.inputs.iter().map(|t| t.span)) {
         fcx.register_wf_obligation(input_ty.into(), span, ObligationCauseCode::MiscObligation);
     }
     implied_bounds.extend(sig.inputs());
 
     fcx.register_wf_obligation(
         sig.output().into(),
-        hir_sig.decl.output.span(),
+        hir_decl.output.span(),
         ObligationCauseCode::ReturnType,
     );
 
     // FIXME(#25759) return types should not be implied bounds
     implied_bounds.push(sig.output());
 
-    check_where_clauses(tcx, fcx, span, def_id, Some((sig.output(), hir_sig.decl.output.span())));
+    check_where_clauses(tcx, fcx, span, def_id, Some((sig.output(), hir_decl.output.span())));
 }
 
 /// Checks "defining uses" of opaque `impl Trait` types to ensure that they meet the restrictions

src/test/ui/lint/lint-ctypes.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ extern crate libc;
 
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 
+trait Bar { }
 trait Mirror { type It: ?Sized; }
 impl<T: ?Sized> Mirror for T { type It = Self; }
 #[repr(C)]
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ extern {
     pub fn char_type(p: char); //~ ERROR uses type `char`
     pub fn i128_type(p: i128); //~ ERROR uses type `i128`
     pub fn u128_type(p: u128); //~ ERROR uses type `u128`
-    pub fn trait_type(p: &dyn Clone); //~ ERROR uses type `dyn std::clone::Clone`
+    pub fn trait_type(p: &dyn Bar); //~ ERROR uses type `dyn Bar`
     pub fn tuple_type(p: (i32, i32)); //~ ERROR uses type `(i32, i32)`
     pub fn tuple_type2(p: I32Pair); //~ ERROR uses type `(i32, i32)`
     pub fn zero_size(p: ZeroSize); //~ ERROR uses type `ZeroSize`

src/test/ui/lint/lint-ctypes.stderr

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 error: `extern` block uses type `Foo`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:46:28
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:47:28
    |
 LL |     pub fn ptr_type1(size: *const Foo);
    |                            ^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -12,27 +12,27 @@ LL | #![deny(improper_ctypes)]
    = help: consider adding a `#[repr(C)]` or `#[repr(transparent)]` attribute to this struct
    = note: this struct has unspecified layout
 note: the type is defined here
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:24:1
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:25:1
    |
 LL | pub struct Foo;
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `Foo`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:47:28
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:48:28
    |
 LL |     pub fn ptr_type2(size: *const Foo);
    |                            ^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = help: consider adding a `#[repr(C)]` or `#[repr(transparent)]` attribute to this struct
    = note: this struct has unspecified layout
 note: the type is defined here
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:24:1
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:25:1
    |
 LL | pub struct Foo;
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `[u32]`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:48:26
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:49:26
    |
 LL |     pub fn slice_type(p: &[u32]);
    |                          ^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ LL |     pub fn slice_type(p: &[u32]);
    = note: slices have no C equivalent
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `str`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:49:24
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:50:24
    |
 LL |     pub fn str_type(p: &str);
    |                        ^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ LL |     pub fn str_type(p: &str);
    = note: string slices have no C equivalent
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `std::boxed::Box<u32>`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:50:24
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:51:24
    |
 LL |     pub fn box_type(p: Box<u32>);
    |                        ^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ LL |     pub fn box_type(p: Box<u32>);
    = note: this struct has unspecified layout
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `std::option::Option<std::boxed::Box<u32>>`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:51:28
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:52:28
    |
 LL |     pub fn opt_box_type(p: Option<Box<u32>>);
    |                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ LL |     pub fn opt_box_type(p: Option<Box<u32>>);
    = note: enum has no representation hint
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `char`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:53:25
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:54:25
    |
 LL |     pub fn char_type(p: char);
    |                         ^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -77,31 +77,31 @@ LL |     pub fn char_type(p: char);
    = note: the `char` type has no C equivalent
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `i128`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:54:25
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:55:25
    |
 LL |     pub fn i128_type(p: i128);
    |                         ^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: 128-bit integers don't currently have a known stable ABI
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `u128`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:55:25
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:56:25
    |
 LL |     pub fn u128_type(p: u128);
    |                         ^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: 128-bit integers don't currently have a known stable ABI
 
-error: `extern` block uses type `dyn std::clone::Clone`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:56:26
+error: `extern` block uses type `dyn Bar`, which is not FFI-safe
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:57:26
    |
-LL |     pub fn trait_type(p: &dyn Clone);
-   |                          ^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
+LL |     pub fn trait_type(p: &dyn Bar);
+   |                          ^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: trait objects have no C equivalent
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `(i32, i32)`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:57:26
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:58:26
    |
 LL |     pub fn tuple_type(p: (i32, i32));
    |                          ^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ LL |     pub fn tuple_type(p: (i32, i32));
    = note: tuples have unspecified layout
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `(i32, i32)`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:58:27
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:59:27
    |
 LL |     pub fn tuple_type2(p: I32Pair);
    |                           ^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -119,42 +119,42 @@ LL |     pub fn tuple_type2(p: I32Pair);
    = note: tuples have unspecified layout
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `ZeroSize`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:59:25
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:60:25
    |
 LL |     pub fn zero_size(p: ZeroSize);
    |                         ^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = help: consider adding a member to this struct
    = note: this struct has no fields
 note: the type is defined here
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:20:1
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:21:1
    |
 LL | pub struct ZeroSize;
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `ZeroSizeWithPhantomData`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:60:33
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:61:33
    |
 LL |     pub fn zero_size_phantom(p: ZeroSizeWithPhantomData);
    |                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: composed only of `PhantomData`
 note: the type is defined here
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:43:1
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:44:1
    |
 LL | pub struct ZeroSizeWithPhantomData(::std::marker::PhantomData<i32>);
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `std::marker::PhantomData<bool>`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:63:12
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:64:12
    |
 LL |         -> ::std::marker::PhantomData<bool>;
    |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: composed only of `PhantomData`
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `fn()`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:64:23
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:65:23
    |
 LL |     pub fn fn_type(p: RustFn);
    |                       ^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ LL |     pub fn fn_type(p: RustFn);
    = note: this function pointer has Rust-specific calling convention
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `fn()`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:65:24
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:66:24
    |
 LL |     pub fn fn_type2(p: fn());
    |                        ^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ LL |     pub fn fn_type2(p: fn());
    = note: this function pointer has Rust-specific calling convention
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `std::boxed::Box<u32>`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:66:28
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:67:28
    |
 LL |     pub fn fn_contained(p: RustBadRet);
    |                            ^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -181,15 +181,15 @@ LL |     pub fn fn_contained(p: RustBadRet);
    = note: this struct has unspecified layout
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `i128`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:67:32
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:68:32
    |
 LL |     pub fn transparent_i128(p: TransparentI128);
    |                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: 128-bit integers don't currently have a known stable ABI
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `str`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:68:31
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:69:31
    |
 LL |     pub fn transparent_str(p: TransparentStr);
    |                               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ LL |     pub fn transparent_str(p: TransparentStr);
    = note: string slices have no C equivalent
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `std::boxed::Box<u32>`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:69:30
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:70:30
    |
 LL |     pub fn transparent_fn(p: TransparentBadFn);
    |                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ LL |     pub fn transparent_fn(p: TransparentBadFn);
    = note: this struct has unspecified layout
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `[u8; 8]`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:70:27
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:71:27
    |
 LL |     pub fn raw_array(arr: [u8; 8]);
    |                           ^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe
@@ -216,15 +216,15 @@ LL |     pub fn raw_array(arr: [u8; 8]);
    = note: passing raw arrays by value is not FFI-safe
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `u128`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:72:34
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:73:34
    |
 LL |     pub static static_u128_type: u128;
    |                                  ^^^^ not FFI-safe
    |
    = note: 128-bit integers don't currently have a known stable ABI
 
 error: `extern` block uses type `u128`, which is not FFI-safe
-  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:73:40
+  --> $DIR/lint-ctypes.rs:74:40
    |
 LL |     pub static static_u128_array_type: [u128; 16];
    |                                        ^^^^^^^^^^ not FFI-safe

src/test/ui/wf/wf-foreign-fn-decl-ret.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+pub trait Unsatisfied {}
+
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct Bar<T: Unsatisfied>(T);
+
+pub trait Foo {
+    type Assoc;
+}
+
+extern "C" {
+    pub fn lint_me() -> <() as Foo>::Assoc;
+    //~^ ERROR: the trait bound `(): Foo` is not satisfied [E0277]
+
+    pub fn lint_me_aswell() -> Bar<u32>;
+    //~^ ERROR: the trait bound `u32: Unsatisfied` is not satisfied [E0277]
+}
+
+fn main() {}