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unstable-book: Separate testing and production sanitizers #121195

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Feb 20, 2024
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unstable-book: Separate testing and production sanitizers #121195

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44 changes: 29 additions & 15 deletions src/doc/unstable-book/src/compiler-flags/sanitizer.md
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# `sanitizer`

Sanitizers are tools that help detect and prevent various types of bugs and
vulnerabilities in software. They are available in compilers and work by
instrumenting the code to add additional runtime checks. While they provide
powerful tools for identifying bugs or security issues, it's important to note
that using sanitizers can introduce runtime overhead and might not catch all
possible issues. Therefore, they are typically used alongside other best
practices in software development, such as testing and fuzzing, to ensure the
highest level of software quality and security.

The tracking issues for this feature are:

* [#39699](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/39699).
Expand All @@ -9,21 +18,26 @@ The tracking issues for this feature are:

This feature allows for use of one of following sanitizers:

* [AddressSanitizer](#addresssanitizer) a fast memory error detector.
* [ControlFlowIntegrity](#controlflowintegrity) LLVM Control Flow Integrity (CFI) provides
forward-edge control flow protection.
* [HWAddressSanitizer](#hwaddresssanitizer) a memory error detector similar to
AddressSanitizer, but based on partial hardware assistance.
* [KernelControlFlowIntegrity](#kernelcontrolflowintegrity) LLVM Kernel Control
Flow Integrity (KCFI) provides forward-edge control flow protection for
operating systems kernels.
* [LeakSanitizer](#leaksanitizer) a run-time memory leak detector.
* [MemorySanitizer](#memorysanitizer) a detector of uninitialized reads.
* [MemTagSanitizer](#memtagsanitizer) fast memory error detector based on
Armv8.5-A Memory Tagging Extension.
* [SafeStack](#safestack) provides backward-edge control flow protection by separating the stack into safe and unsafe regions.
* [ShadowCallStack](#shadowcallstack) provides backward-edge control flow protection (aarch64 only).
* [ThreadSanitizer](#threadsanitizer) a fast data race detector.
* Those intended for testing or fuzzing (but not production use):
* [AddressSanitizer](#addresssanitizer) a fast memory error detector.
* [HWAddressSanitizer](#hwaddresssanitizer) a memory error detector similar to
AddressSanitizer, but based on partial hardware assistance.
* [LeakSanitizer](#leaksanitizer) a run-time memory leak detector.
* [MemorySanitizer](#memorysanitizer) a detector of uninitialized reads.
* [ThreadSanitizer](#threadsanitizer) a fast data race detector.

* Those that apart from testing, may be used in production:
* [ControlFlowIntegrity](#controlflowintegrity) LLVM Control Flow Integrity
(CFI) provides forward-edge control flow protection.
* [KernelControlFlowIntegrity](#kernelcontrolflowintegrity) LLVM Kernel
Control Flow Integrity (KCFI) provides forward-edge control flow protection
for operating systems kernels.
* [MemTagSanitizer](#memtagsanitizer) fast memory error detector based on
Armv8.5-A Memory Tagging Extension.
* [SafeStack](#safestack) provides backward-edge control flow protection by
separating the stack into safe and unsafe regions.
* [ShadowCallStack](#shadowcallstack) provides backward-edge control flow
protection (aarch64 only).

To enable a sanitizer compile with `-Zsanitizer=address`,`-Zsanitizer=cfi`,
`-Zsanitizer=hwaddress`, `-Zsanitizer=leak`, `-Zsanitizer=memory`,
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