refactor: Use enum for face iterator status

[kliem]

📚 Description

Related to the feature request in #34773, I'm trying to make my own code a bit more readable.

Here we replace the int representing the status of the face of the iterator by an enumerator. This allows understanding this variable without having to look up the meaning.

📝 Checklist

• I have made sure that the title is self-explanatory and the description concisely explains the PR.
• I have linked an issue or discussion.
• I have created tests covering the changes.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.

⌛ Dependencies

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Base: 88.59% // Head: 88.59% // Decreases project coverage by -0.01% ⚠️

Coverage data is based on head (6fc734e) compared to base (05329f6).
Patch has no changes to coverable lines.

❗ Current head 6fc734e differs from pull request most recent head 038fbda. Consider uploading reports for the commit 038fbda to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop   #35087      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    88.59%   88.59%   -0.01%     
===========================================
  Files         2140     2140              
  Lines       396998   396961      -37     
===========================================
- Hits        351740   351670      -70     
- Misses       45258    45291      +33     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...e/combinat/cluster_algebra_quiver/mutation_type.py	52.25% <0.00%> (-2.38%)	⬇️
src/sage/groups/additive_abelian/qmodnz.py	91.48% <0.00%> (-2.13%)	⬇️
src/sage/modular/local_comp/liftings.py	98.33% <0.00%> (-1.67%)	⬇️
src/sage/schemes/elliptic_curves/hom_velusqrt.py	94.09% <0.00%> (-0.79%)	⬇️
src/sage/groups/generic.py	88.34% <0.00%> (-0.68%)	⬇️
src/sage/schemes/elliptic_curves/hom.py	83.33% <0.00%> (-0.62%)	⬇️
src/sage/sets/integer_range.py	91.41% <0.00%> (-0.51%)	⬇️
src/sage/quadratic_forms/binary_qf.py	92.78% <0.00%> (-0.50%)	⬇️
src/sage/combinat/constellation.py	91.18% <0.00%> (-0.41%)	⬇️
src/sage/modular/overconvergent/hecke_series.py	98.76% <0.00%> (-0.31%)	⬇️
... and 25 more

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[mkoeppe]

LGTM.

[kliem]

Thank you.

[github-actions]

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