Avoid crash where creator proxies are referenced indirectly (#16098)

Fixes #16095

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/typer/Typer.scala

@@ -4013,6 +4013,8 @@ class Typer(@constructorOnly nestingLevel: Int = 0) extends Namer
           cpy.Select(qual)(pre, name.toTypeName)
         case qual: This if qual.symbol.is(ModuleClass) =>
           cpy.Ident(qual)(qual.symbol.name.sourceModuleName.toTypeName)
+        case _ =>
+          errorTree(tree, em"cannot convert from $tree to an instance creation expression")
       val tycon = tree.tpe.widen.finalResultType.underlyingClassRef(refinementOK = false)
       typed(
         untpd.Select(

tests/neg/i16095.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package x
+
+import scala.concurrent.*
+
+def cpsAsync[F[_]] =
+  Test.InfernAsyncArg
+
+object Test {
+  class InfernAsyncArg[F[_]] {
+    def apply[A](): F[A] = ???
+  }
+  object InfernAsyncArg
+
+  def testExample1Future(): Unit =
+    val fr = cpsAsync[Future]() // error
+}