scrapy-magicfields

This is a Scrapy spider middleware to add extra fields to items, based on the configuration settings MAGIC_FIELDS and MAGIC_FIELDS_OVERRIDE.

Installation

Install scrapy-magicfields using pip:

$ pip install scrapy-magicfields

Configuration

1. Add MagicFieldsMiddleware by including it in SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES in your settings.py file:

   SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
       'scrapy_magicfields.MagicFieldsMiddleware': 100,
   }
   

   Here, priority 100 is just an example. Set its value depending on other middlewares you may have enabled already.

2. Enable the middleware using MAGIC_FIELDS (and optionally MAGIC_FIELDS_OVERRIDE) in your setting.py.

Usage

Both settings MAGIC_FIELDS and MAGIC_FIELDS_OVERRIDE are dicts:

• the keys are the destination field names,
• their value is a string which accepts magic variables, — identified by a starting $ (dollar sign), which will be substituted by a corresponding value at runtime.

Some magic variables also accept arguments, and are specified after the magic name, using a : (column) as separator.

You can set project-global magics with MAGIC_FIELDS, and tune them for a specific spider using MAGIC_FIELDS_OVERRIDE.

In case there is more than one argument, they must come separated by , (comma sign). So the generic magic format is:

$<magic name>[:arg1,arg2,...]

Supported magic variables

$time

the UTC timestamp at which the item was scraped, in format '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'.

$unixtime

the unixtime (number of seconds since the Epoch, i.e. time.time()) at which the item was scraped.

$isotime

the UTC timestamp at which the item was scraped, with format '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S".

$spider

must be followed by an argument, which is the name of an attribute of the spider (like an argument passed to it).

$env

the value of an environment variable. It acccepts as argument the name of the variable.

$jobid

the job id (shortcut for $env:SCRAPY_JOB)

$jobtime

the UTC timestamp at which the job started, in format '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'.

$response

Access to some response properties.

$response:url

The url from where the item was extracted from.

$response:status

Response http status.

$response:headers

Response http headers.

$setting

Access the given Scrapy setting. It accepts one argument: the name of the setting.

$field

Allows to copy the value of one field to another Its argument is the source field. Effects are unpredicable if you use as source a field that is filled using magic fields.

Examples

The following configuration will add two fields to each scraped item:

• 'timestamp', which will be filled with the string 'item scraped at <scraped timestamp>',
• and 'spider', which will contain the spider name

MAGIC_FIELDS = {
    "timestamp": "item scraped at $time",
    "spider": "$spider:name"
}

The following configuration will copy the url to the field sku:

MAGIC_FIELDS = {
    "sku": "$field:url"
}

Magics also accept a regular expression argument which allows to extract and assign only part of the value generated by the magic. You have to specify it using the r'' notation.

Let's pretend that the urls of your items look like 'http://www.example.com/product.html?item_no=345' and you want to assign to the sku field only the item number.

The following example, similar to the previous one but with a second regular expression argument, will do the task:

MAGIC_FIELDS = {
    "sku": "$field:url,r'item_no=(\d+)'"
}