argconv: make FFI implementation mutually exclusive

Disallow implementing two different APIs for specific type.

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/argconv.rs

@@ -272,12 +272,18 @@ impl<T: Sized> CassPtr<'_, T, (Mut,)> {
     }
 }
 
+mod origin_sealed {
+    pub trait FromBoxSealed {}
+    pub trait FromArcSealed {}
+    pub trait FromRefSealed {}
+}
+
 /// Defines a pointer manipulation API for non-shared heap-allocated data.
 ///
 /// Implement this trait for types that are allocated by the driver via [`Box::new`],
 /// and then returned to the user as a pointer. The user is responsible for freeing
 /// the memory associated with the pointer using corresponding driver's API function.
-pub trait BoxFFI: Sized {
+pub trait BoxFFI: Sized + origin_sealed::FromBoxSealed {
     /// Consumes the Box and returns a pointer with exclusive ownership.
     /// The pointer needs to be freed. See [`BoxFFI::free()`].
     fn into_ptr<M: Mutability>(self: Box<Self>) -> CassPtr<'static, Self, (M,)> {
@@ -342,7 +348,7 @@ pub trait BoxFFI: Sized {
 /// The data should be allocated via [`Arc::new`], and then returned to the user as a pointer.
 /// The user is responsible for freeing the memory associated
 /// with the pointer using corresponding driver's API function.
-pub trait ArcFFI: Sized {
+pub trait ArcFFI: Sized + origin_sealed::FromArcSealed {
     /// Creates a pointer from a valid reference to Arc-allocated data.
     /// Holder of the pointer borrows the pointee.
     fn as_ptr<'a>(self: &'a Arc<Self>) -> CassPtr<'a, Self, (Const,)> {
@@ -431,7 +437,7 @@ pub trait ArcFFI: Sized {
 /// For example: lifetime of CassRow is bound by the lifetime of CassResult.
 /// There is no API function that frees the CassRow. It should be automatically
 /// freed when user calls cass_result_free.
-pub trait RefFFI: Sized {
+pub trait RefFFI: Sized + origin_sealed::FromRefSealed {
     /// Creates a borrowed pointer from a valid reference.
     fn as_ptr<'a>(&'a self) -> CassPtr<'a, Self, (Const,)> {
         // SAFETY:
@@ -472,11 +478,81 @@ pub trait RefFFI: Sized {
     }
 }
 
+/// This trait should be implemented for types that are passed between
+/// C and Rust API. We currently distinguish 3 kinds of implementors,
+/// wrt. the origin of the pointer. The implementor should pick one of the 3 ownership
+/// kinds as the associated type:
+/// - [`FromBox`]
+/// - [`FromArc`]
+/// - [`FromRef`]
+#[allow(clippy::upper_case_acronyms)]
+pub trait FFI {
+    type Origin;
+}
+
+/// Represents types with an exclusive ownership.
+///
+/// Use this associated type for implementors that require:
+/// - owned exclusive pointer manipulation via [`BoxFFI`]
+/// - exclusive ownership of the corresponding object
+/// - potential mutability of the corresponding object
+/// - manual memory freeing
+///
+/// C API user should be responsible for freeing associated memory manually
+/// via corresponding API call.
+///
+/// An example of such implementor would be [`CassCluster`](crate::cluster::CassCluster):
+/// - it is allocated on the heap via [`Box::new`]
+/// - user is the exclusive owner of the CassCluster object
+/// - there is no API to increase a reference count of CassCluster object
+/// - CassCluster is mutable via some API methods (`cass_cluster_set_*`)
+/// - user is responsible for freeing the associated memory (`cass_cluster_free`)
+pub struct FromBox;
+impl<T> origin_sealed::FromBoxSealed for T where T: FFI<Origin = FromBox> {}
+impl<T> BoxFFI for T where T: FFI<Origin = FromBox> {}
+
+/// Represents types with a shared ownership.
+///
+/// Use this associated type for implementors that require:
+/// - pointer with shared ownership manipulation via [`ArcFFI`]
+/// - shared ownership of the corresponding object
+/// - manual memory freeing
+///
+/// C API user should be responsible for freeing (decreasing reference count of)
+/// associated memory manually via corresponding API call.
+///
+/// An example of such implementor would be [`CassDataType`](crate::cass_types::CassDataType):
+/// - it is allocated on the heap via [`Arc::new`]
+/// - there are multiple owners of the shared CassDataType object
+/// - some API functions require to increase a reference count of the object
+/// - user is responsible for freeing (decreasing RC of) the associated memory (`cass_data_type_free`)
+pub struct FromArc;
+impl<T> origin_sealed::FromArcSealed for T where T: FFI<Origin = FromArc> {}
+impl<T> ArcFFI for T where T: FFI<Origin = FromArc> {}
+
+/// Represents borrowed types.
+///
+/// Use this associated type for implementors that do not require any assumptions
+/// about the pointer type (apart from validity).
+/// The implementation will enable [`CassBorrowedPtr`] manipulation via [`RefFFI`]
+///
+/// C API user is not responsible for freeing associated memory manually. The memory
+/// should be freed automatically, when the owner is being dropped.
+///
+/// An example of such implementor would be [`CassRow`](crate::query_result::CassRow):
+/// - its lifetime is tied to the lifetime of CassResult
+/// - user only "borrows" the pointer - he is not responsible for freeing the memory
+pub struct FromRef;
+impl<T> origin_sealed::FromRefSealed for T where T: FFI<Origin = FromRef> {}
+impl<T> RefFFI for T where T: FFI<Origin = FromRef> {}
+
 /// ```compile_fail,E0499
 /// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{CassOwnedMutPtr, CassBorrowedMutPtr};
-/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::BoxFFI;
+/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{FFI, BoxFFI, FromBox};
 /// struct Foo;
-/// impl BoxFFI for Foo {}
+/// impl FFI for Foo {
+///     type Origin = FromBox;
+/// }
 ///
 /// let mut ptr: CassOwnedMutPtr<Foo> = BoxFFI::into_ptr(Box::new(Foo));
 /// let borrowed_mut_ptr1: CassBorrowedMutPtr<Foo> = ptr.borrow_mut();
@@ -488,9 +564,11 @@ fn _test_box_ffi_cannot_have_two_mutable_references() {}
 
 /// ```compile_fail,E0502
 /// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{CassOwnedMutPtr, CassBorrowedPtr, CassBorrowedMutPtr};
-/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::BoxFFI;
+/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{FFI, BoxFFI, FromBox};
 /// struct Foo;
-/// impl BoxFFI for Foo {}
+/// impl FFI for Foo {
+///     type Origin = FromBox;
+/// }
 ///
 /// let mut ptr: CassOwnedMutPtr<Foo> = BoxFFI::into_ptr(Box::new(Foo));
 /// let borrowed_mut_ptr: CassBorrowedMutPtr<Foo> = ptr.borrow_mut();
@@ -502,9 +580,11 @@ fn _test_box_ffi_cannot_have_mutable_and_immutable_references_at_the_same_time()
 
 /// ```compile_fail,E0505
 /// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{CassOwnedMutPtr, CassBorrowedPtr};
-/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::BoxFFI;
+/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{FFI, BoxFFI, FromBox};
 /// struct Foo;
-/// impl BoxFFI for Foo {}
+/// impl FFI for Foo {
+///     type Origin = FromBox;
+/// }
 ///
 /// let ptr: CassOwnedMutPtr<Foo> = BoxFFI::into_ptr(Box::new(Foo));
 /// let borrowed_ptr: CassBorrowedPtr<Foo> = ptr.borrow();
@@ -515,10 +595,12 @@ fn _test_box_ffi_cannot_free_while_having_borrowed_pointer() {}
 
 /// ```compile_fail,E0505
 /// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{CassOwnedPtr, CassBorrowedPtr};
-/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::ArcFFI;
+/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{FFI, ArcFFI, FromArc};
 /// # use std::sync::Arc;
 /// struct Foo;
-/// impl ArcFFI for Foo {}
+/// impl FFI for Foo {
+///     type Origin = FromArc;
+/// }
 ///
 /// let ptr: CassOwnedPtr<Foo> = ArcFFI::into_ptr(Arc::new(Foo));
 /// let borrowed_ptr: CassBorrowedPtr<Foo> = ptr.borrow();
@@ -529,10 +611,12 @@ fn _test_arc_ffi_cannot_clone_after_free() {}
 
 /// ```compile_fail,E0505
 /// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{CassBorrowedPtr};
-/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::ArcFFI;
+/// # use scylla_cpp_driver::argconv::{FFI, ArcFFI, FromArc};
 /// # use std::sync::Arc;
 /// struct Foo;
-/// impl ArcFFI for Foo {}
+/// impl FFI for Foo {
+///     type Origin = FromArc;
+/// }
 ///
 /// let arc = Arc::new(Foo);
 /// let borrowed_ptr: CassBorrowedPtr<Foo> = ArcFFI::as_ptr(&arc);

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/batch.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-use crate::argconv::{ArcFFI, BoxFFI, CassBorrowedMutPtr, CassBorrowedPtr, CassOwnedMutPtr};
+use crate::argconv::{
+    ArcFFI, BoxFFI, CassBorrowedMutPtr, CassBorrowedPtr, CassOwnedMutPtr, FromBox, FFI,
+};
 use crate::cass_error::CassError;
 use crate::cass_types::CassConsistency;
 use crate::cass_types::{make_batch_type, CassBatchType};
@@ -19,7 +21,9 @@ pub struct CassBatch {
     pub(crate) exec_profile: Option<PerStatementExecProfile>,
 }
 
-impl BoxFFI for CassBatch {}
+impl FFI for CassBatch {
+    type Origin = FromBox;
+}
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct CassBatchState {

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/cass_types.rs

@@ -175,7 +175,9 @@ pub enum CassDataTypeInner {
     Custom(String),
 }
 
-impl ArcFFI for CassDataType {}
+impl FFI for CassDataType {
+    type Origin = FromArc;
+}
 
 impl CassDataTypeInner {
     /// Checks for equality during typechecks.

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/cluster.rs

@@ -165,7 +165,9 @@ impl CassCluster {
     }
 }
 
-impl BoxFFI for CassCluster {}
+impl FFI for CassCluster {
+    type Origin = FromBox;
+}
 
 pub struct CassCustomPayload;
 

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/collection.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,9 @@ pub struct CassCollection {
     pub items: Vec<CassCqlValue>,
 }
 
-impl BoxFFI for CassCollection {}
+impl FFI for CassCollection {
+    type Origin = FromBox;
+}
 
 impl CassCollection {
     fn typecheck_on_append(&self, value: &Option<CassCqlValue>) -> CassError {

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/exec_profile.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use scylla::statement::Consistency;
 
 use crate::argconv::{
     ptr_to_cstr_n, strlen, ArcFFI, BoxFFI, CassBorrowedMutPtr, CassBorrowedPtr, CassOwnedMutPtr,
+    FromBox, FFI,
 };
 use crate::batch::CassBatch;
 use crate::cass_error::CassError;
@@ -39,7 +40,9 @@ pub struct CassExecProfile {
     load_balancing_config: LoadBalancingConfig,
 }
 
-impl BoxFFI for CassExecProfile {}
+impl FFI for CassExecProfile {
+    type Origin = FromBox;
+}
 
 impl CassExecProfile {
     fn new() -> Self {

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/future.rs

@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ pub struct CassFuture {
     wait_for_value: Condvar,
 }
 
-impl ArcFFI for CassFuture {}
+impl FFI for CassFuture {
+    type Origin = FromArc;
+}
 
 /// An error that can appear during `cass_future_wait_timed`.
 enum FutureError {

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/logging.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::argconv::{arr_to_cstr, ptr_to_cstr, str_to_arr, CassBorrowedPtr, RefFFI};
+use crate::argconv::{arr_to_cstr, ptr_to_cstr, str_to_arr, CassBorrowedPtr, FromRef, RefFFI, FFI};
 use crate::cass_log_types::{CassLogLevel, CassLogMessage};
 use crate::types::size_t;
 use crate::LOGGER;
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ use tracing_subscriber::layer::Context;
 use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
 use tracing_subscriber::Layer;
 
-impl RefFFI for CassLogMessage {}
+impl FFI for CassLogMessage {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 pub type CassLogCallback =
     Option<unsafe extern "C" fn(message: CassBorrowedPtr<CassLogMessage>, data: *mut c_void)>;

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/metadata.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ pub struct CassSchemaMeta {
     pub keyspaces: HashMap<String, CassKeyspaceMeta>,
 }
 
-impl BoxFFI for CassSchemaMeta {}
+impl FFI for CassSchemaMeta {
+    type Origin = FromBox;
+}
 
 pub struct CassKeyspaceMeta {
     pub name: String,
@@ -25,7 +27,9 @@ pub struct CassKeyspaceMeta {
 }
 
 // Owned by CassSchemaMeta
-impl RefFFI for CassKeyspaceMeta {}
+impl FFI for CassKeyspaceMeta {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 pub struct CassTableMeta {
     pub name: String,
@@ -38,7 +42,9 @@ pub struct CassTableMeta {
 // Either:
 // - owned by CassMaterializedViewMeta - won't be given to user
 // - Owned by CassKeyspaceMeta (in Arc), referenced (Weak) by CassMaterializedViewMeta
-impl RefFFI for CassTableMeta {}
+impl FFI for CassTableMeta {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 pub struct CassMaterializedViewMeta {
     pub name: String,
@@ -47,7 +53,9 @@ pub struct CassMaterializedViewMeta {
 }
 
 // Shared ownership by CassKeyspaceMeta and CassTableMeta
-impl RefFFI for CassMaterializedViewMeta {}
+impl FFI for CassMaterializedViewMeta {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 pub struct CassColumnMeta {
     pub name: String,
@@ -56,7 +64,9 @@ pub struct CassColumnMeta {
 }
 
 // Owned by CassTableMeta
-impl RefFFI for CassColumnMeta {}
+impl FFI for CassColumnMeta {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 pub unsafe fn create_table_metadata(
     keyspace_name: &str,

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/prepared.rs

@@ -72,7 +72,9 @@ impl CassPrepared {
     }
 }
 
-impl ArcFFI for CassPrepared {}
+impl FFI for CassPrepared {
+    type Origin = FromArc;
+}
 
 #[no_mangle]
 pub unsafe extern "C" fn cass_prepared_free(prepared_raw: CassOwnedPtr<CassPrepared>) {

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/query_error.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ pub enum CassErrorResult {
     Deserialization(#[from] DeserializationError),
 }
 
-impl ArcFFI for CassErrorResult {}
+impl FFI for CassErrorResult {
+    type Origin = FromArc;
+}
 
 impl From<Consistency> for CassConsistency {
     fn from(c: Consistency) -> CassConsistency {

scylla-rust-wrapper/src/query_result.rs

@@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ impl CassResult {
     }
 }
 
-impl ArcFFI for CassResult {}
+impl FFI for CassResult {
+    type Origin = FromArc;
+}
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct CassResultMetadata {
@@ -149,7 +151,9 @@ pub struct CassRow {
     pub result_metadata: Arc<CassResultMetadata>,
 }
 
-impl RefFFI for CassRow {}
+impl FFI for CassRow {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 pub fn create_cass_rows_from_rows(
     rows: Vec<Row>,
@@ -185,7 +189,9 @@ pub struct CassValue {
     pub value_type: Arc<CassDataType>,
 }
 
-impl RefFFI for CassValue {}
+impl FFI for CassValue {
+    type Origin = FromRef;
+}
 
 fn create_cass_row_columns(row: Row, metadata: &Arc<CassResultMetadata>) -> Vec<CassValue> {
     row.columns
@@ -367,7 +373,9 @@ pub enum CassIterator<'result_or_schema> {
     CassViewMetaIterator(CassViewMetaIterator<'result_or_schema>),
 }
 
-impl BoxFFI for CassIterator<'_> {}
+impl FFI for CassIterator<'_> {
+    type Origin = FromBox;
+}
 
 #[no_mangle]
 pub unsafe extern "C" fn cass_iterator_free(iterator: CassOwnedMutPtr<CassIterator>) {