Extract archives in a separate directory from the input archive (2.2.x)

[zorgiepoo]

This is ported from top of 2.x (#2550).

Misc Checklist

• My change requires a documentation update on Sparkle's website repository
• My change requires changes to generate_appcast, generate_keys, or sign_update

Testing

I tested and verified my change by using one or multiple of these methods:

• Sparkle Test App
• Unit Tests
• My own app
• Other (please specify)

Tested extracting app update with a test app from:

• zip files
• tar* files
• binary delta files
• dmg files (with Applications alias)
• archived pkg files
• bare pkg file
• generating new updates using generate_appcast works

macOS version tested: 14.4.1 (23E224)