Introduce the dependency vendoring tool: dep. (#551)

* Introduce `dep`, the dependency vendoring tool.

Use commits from `go-ethereum@release/1.7` for most of the dependencies.

* Update dependencies.

DEPENDENCIES.md

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Dependency Management
+[`dep`](https://github.com/golang/dep) is a tool of choice when it comes to dependency management.
+
+## How we use `dep`.
+
+1. Transitive dependencies of `go-ethereum`. The most important thing for us is
+   to be in-sync there. We want to reduce the regression scope. 
+   Hence, we pin down all the dependencies of `go-ethereum` with SHAs in `Gopkg.toml` when
+   importing a new version of upstream. (This is considered a bad practice for
+   `dep` but we are willing to take the risk to keep consitency with the upstream).
+
+2. Exclusive `status-go` dependencies. The policy there is to keep them as
+   fresh as possible. Hence, no constraints for them in the `toml` file.
+
+## Installing `dep`
+
+`go get -u github.com/golang/dep/cmd/dep`
+
+
+## Docs (worth reading)
+1. [README](https://github.com/golang/dep/blob/master/README.md)
+2. [F.A.Q.](https://github.com/golang/dep/blob/master/docs/FAQ.md)
+
+
+## Checking-out all dependencies
+
+`dep ensure` - download all the dependencies based on `Gopkg.lock`.
+
+`Gopkg.lock` is kept inact if it is in-sync with `Gopkg.toml`. If the `toml`
+file is changed, `dep ensure` will re-generate `Gopkg.lock` as well.
+
+
+## Adding a new Dependency
+(see [Adding a new dependency](https://github.com/golang/dep#adding-a-dependency))
+1. `$ dep ensure -add github.com/foo/bar`
+2. Commit changes.
+
+
+## Updating a dependency
+(see: [Changing a Dependency](https://github.com/golang/dep#changing-dependencies))
+1. Update constraint in the `Gopkg.toml` file if needed.
+2. Run `dep ensure -update github.com/foo/bar`
+3. Commit changes.
+
+## Updating all dependencies
+
+`dep ensure -update`
+
+## Updating `Geth`
+
+1. Update `develop` branch in [`status-im/go-ethereum`](https://github.com/status-im/go-ethereum/tree/develop).
+2. Update the `go-ethereum` dependency: `dep ensure -v -update github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum`.
+3. Make sure that `[[constraint]]` statements in `status-go/Gopkg.toml` contains the same SHAs as `go-ethereum/vendor/vendor.json`.
+4. Update vendor files in `status-go`, running `dep ensure`.
+5. Commit `Gopkg.lock`, `Gopkg.toml` and `vendor` directories.
+
+
+## Commiting changes
+
+Make sure that you don't commit unnecessary changes to `Gopkg.toml` and
+`Gopkg.lock`.
+
+
+## Common issues
+
+1. Relative imports and "Could not introduce package, as its subpackage does not contain usable Go code". See [this comment](https://github.com/golang/dep/issues/899#issuecomment-317904001) for more information.