Ontology
An ontology (in information science) compartmentalizes the variables needed for some set of computations and establishes the relationships between them.
More details: https://protege.stanford.edu/publications/ontology_development/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html
Why Ontology?
Some of the reasons are: 1.To share common understanding of the structure of information among people or software agents 2.To enable reuse of domain knowledge 3.To make domain assumptions explicit 4.To separate domain knowledge from the operational knowledge 5.To analyze domain knowledge
RDF Schema (RDFS):
It is extending RDF vocabulary to allow describing taxonomies of classes and properties. It also extends definitions for some of the elements of RDF, for example it sets the domain and range of properties and relates the RDF classes and properties into taxonomies using the RDFS vocabulary.
Let us first illustrate the use of RDFS vocabulary on an example showing taxonomy of classes and properties and usage of range and domain of properties:
@prefix : <http://www.example.org/sample.rdfs#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>.
:Dog rdfs:subClassOf :Animal.
:Person rdfs:subClassOf :Animal.
:hasChild rdfs:range :Animal;
rdfs:domain :Animal.
:hasSon rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasChild.
:Max a :Dog.
:Abel a :Person.
:Adam a :Person;
:hasSon :Abel.
List of classes defined and Properties : https://www.obitko.com/tutorials/ontologies-semantic-web/rdf-schema-rdfs.html
RULES FOR PROVENANCE ONTOLOGY: http://swib.org/swib13/slides/eckert_swib13_118.pdf
We have created Squirrel ontology based on Provenance ontology defined by W3C
W3C Provenance ontology> https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/
Squirrel Ontology> https://w3id.org/squirrel/
If you want to define your own predicates, use https://w3id.org/ and create a redirection service using a GitHub pages or your choice of hosting service.
Upon clicking link provided for Squirrel Ontology; it will redirect to https://github.com/varunmaitreya/squirrelontology.github.io